生物法处理油田废水影响因素研究  

Study on Influence Factors of Oilfield Wastewater Treatment by Biological Method

作　　者：袁雅姝[1] 张岩[1] 程亚楠[1] 方珍[1] 刘军[1] 员杰[1] 范庆辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,辽宁沈阳110168

出　　处：《沈阳建筑大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期751-759,共9页Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51308354)

摘　　要：目的研究油田采油废水生物处理试验最佳试验条件及最佳试验条件下处理效果.方法生物处理试验分为厌氧试验和好氧试验两部分,分别通过单因素试验确定最佳试验条件,并且确定COD和NH＋4-N的去除率.结果在厌氧生物处理阶段最佳试验条件：进水p H 7.4~7.6,温度37℃,水力停留时间（HRT）20 h,COD去除率平均为25.7%,NH＋4-N质量浓度平均增长率为18.4%,聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）的平均去除率为10.3%,油的平均去除率为21.0%;在好氧生物处理阶段,最佳试验条件：进水p H 8.0~8.2,温度34~35℃,HRT 18 h,COD去除率平均值为51.3%,NH＋4-N平均去除率为93.5%左右,PAM的平均去除率为30.9%,油的平均去除率为58.0%;结论生物处理油田采油废水较化学处理不仅成本低、操作简便,可以取得良好的处理效果,而且能够有效减少化学处理方式造成的污染,达到环境保护的目的.This paper studied the biological treatment technology for oilfield wastewater and treat- ment effects. Biological treatment tests were divided into two parts：the anaerobic test and the aero- bic test. Corresponding optimal test conditions were determined by the single factor test and remov- al rates of COD and NH4＋ -N were defined. It is found that for the anaerobic treatment, the opti- mal test conditions are： the influent water pH controlled between 7.4 and 7.6, water temperature 37 ℃, HRT 20 h, under which the average removal rate of COD is 25.7% ;the average growth rate of NH4＋ -N concentration is 18.4%. For aerobic treatment, the optimal test conditions are：the in- fluent water pH 8.0 - 8.2, water temperature 34 - 35℃ ,HRT 18 h, by which the average removalvalues for COD is 51.3% ; for NH4 - N is 93.5% ; for PAM is 30. 9% and for Oil is 58.0%. Conclusion is that compared with the chemical treatment for oilfield wastewater, the biological treatment method has low costs and good treatment effects with simple operations. The pollution caused by the chemical treatment can be significantly reduced or prevented.

关 键 词：采油废水 厌氧生物处理 好氧生物处理 COD去除率 

分 类 号：TU375.2[建筑科学—结构工程]