合肥市某三甲医院2009—2014年带状疱疹门诊患者的流行特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of herpes zoster in a tertiary hospital of Hefei city during 2009—2014

作　　者：吕永梅[1] 刘盛秀[2] 潘海峰[3] 李晴[1] 杜鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第二附属医院皮肤科,合肥市230601 [2]安徽医科大学第一附属医院皮肤科,合肥市230032 [3]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,合肥市230032

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2015年第10期1570-1572,1624,共4页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81201226)

摘　　要：目的 了解合肥地区带状疱疹的发病时间、发病年龄及性别的分布特征,为制定该病的防制措施提供科学的依据.方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对2009年3月-2014年6月在合肥市某三甲医院门诊确诊的带状疱疹患者进行统计分析,分析该病的发病时间、发病年龄及性别的分布特征.结果 2009-2014年门诊确诊带状疱疹患者共有4514例,占门诊总量的1.9％,该病全年均有发生,冬季（11、12、1、2月份）较其他季节较少些.12岁前（小学阶段以下的幼儿）发病均少见,13岁以上随年龄增长呈现逐渐增多趋势,19～42岁以及49～66岁为该病的两个发病高峰期.60岁以后,随着年龄的增大,发病率呈下降趋势.在第一个发病高峰年龄段（19～42岁）中,男性患者明显多于女性,男女之比为1.26：1;在第二个发病高峰年龄段（49 ～66岁）中,女性患者明显多于男性,男女之比为0.89：1.结论 带状疱疹全年均可见,该病好发于成人,且呈现两个年龄段的发病高峰;男女的发病人数随着年龄的增长有差异.在19～42岁高发年龄段中,男性患者明显多于女性;在49～ 66岁高发年龄段中,女性患者明显多于男性.在高危人群中应做好宣传教育并提前做好防控措施.Objective To evaluate the distributions of the time of onset,ages and gender of the outpatients with herpes zoster in Hefei City, so as to provide scientific basis for control and prevention of the disease. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of herpes zoster from 2009 to 2014 in Hefei. The outpatients with her- pes zoster diagnosed in a tertiary hospital were recruited. The time of onset, age and gender distributions of the disease were analyzed. Results Overall,4514 outpatients with herpes zoster were recruited from March 2009 to June 2014. The proportion of patients with herpes zoster in the total outpatients was 1.9%. The disease could occur all year round; the winter（ November, December,January, and February） was less than other seasons. The incidence of the disease was rare by the age of 12 years（under the stage of primary school children）, the patients with the age above 13 years old showed increasing trend. There were two the peak incidence with 19 -42 years old and 49 -66 years old. Over 60 years, the inci- dence rate showed a downward trend with the age. The patients of male were more than female in the first outbreak peak （19 -42 years old）obviously, and the ratio of male to female was 1.26： 1. In the second outbreak （49 -66 years） the patients of female were more than male,and the ratio of male to female was 0.89： 1. Conclusion Herpes zoster fre- quently occurs in adults with two incidence peaks. There are differences incidence between the male and female. In the first high incidence of 19 -42 years old, male patients are more than female obviously;in the second high incidence of 49 -66 years old,the female patients are more than the male obviously;in the high-risk groups, we should enhance the publicity and education. And we should do some prevention and control measures in advance.

关 键 词：带状疱疹 年龄 发病率 性别 危险因素 

分 类 号：R752.12[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]