静脉高营养与经口、鼻胃管喂养对早产儿生长发育影响的比较  

Comparing the effect of intravenous hyperalimentation and oral nasogastric tube feeding on the growth and development of premature infants

作　　者：查琳 刘伟[2] 袁义[2] 胡晓琳[2] 高金枝[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉市普仁医院儿科,430080 [2]华中科技大学附属同济医院新生儿科

出　　处：《疑难病杂志》2015年第8期832-834,共3页Chinese Journal of Difficult and Complicated Cases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(No.81000261

摘　　要：目的比较静脉高营养支持与经口、鼻胃管喂养对早产儿生长发育的影响。方法选取2012年3月—2015年1月,新生儿重症监护室(NICU)住院的早产儿99例作为研究对象,随机分为2组,其中行静脉高营养支持52例(52.53%)为研究组,行鼻胃喂养47例(47.47%)为对照组,对患儿进行1个月随访,记录2组患儿营养支持后一般状况和日均体长、头围、体质量等增长变化,监测并发症发生。结果与对照组比较,研究组恢复出生体质量时间、黄疸消退时间、达到自行吮母乳时间均较短(t=6.909、5.163、5.521,P<0.05),而日均体质量、体长增长变化方面,研究组患儿明显高于对照组(t=5.310、4.842,P<0.01);2组患儿日均头围变化比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.415,P>0.05)。并发症方面,对照组胃残留6例,腹胀7例,呕吐4例,研究组无胃肠道反应,2组患儿均无肝肾损害及电解质紊乱等。结论对早产儿行静脉高营养可以改善新陈代谢和体格发育状况,并发症较低,值得推广。Objective To compare the effects of intravenous nutrition support and oral, nasal feeding on the growth and development of premature infants. Methods From March 2012 to January 2015, 99 cases of neonatal intensive care unit （NICU） hospitalized preterm infants were enrolled, and they were divided into 2 groups, intravenous high nutrition support for 52 cases （52.53%） as the study group, uasogastrie feeding for 47 cases （47.47%） as the control group, all children pa- tients were followed up for 1 month, nutritional support of patients in two groups, average body length, head circumference, body mass, complications were recorded. Results Compared with control group, the study group＇ s recovery time to birth weight and jaundice subsided and achieve self-sucking duration of breastfeeding were shorter （ t = 6. 909, t = 5. 163, t = 5. 521, P 〈0. 05）, in daily body weight and body length growth change aspects in study group were significantly higher than control group （ t = 5. 310, t = 4. 842, P 〈 0. 01 ） ; two groups of children＇ s daily head circumference＇ s difference had no statistical significance （ t =0.415, P 〉0.05）. For complications, in control group, gastric remnant in 6 cases, abdominal distension in 7 cases, vomiting in 4 cases, the study group without gastrointestinal reaction, 2 groups of patients with no liver and kidney damage and electrolyte disorders, etc. Conclusion Premature infants undergoing intravenous hyperalimentation can improve metabolism and physical development status with low complications.

关 键 词：早产儿 静脉高营养 鼻胃喂养 生长发育 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]