2012年江苏省饮水型地方性氟中毒病情监测结果分析  

Outcome analysis of drinking-water type endemic fluorosis in Jiangsu in 2012

作　　者：叶云杰[1] 夏玉婷[1] 汪旸[1] 王培桦[1] 王彩生[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心环境疾病(地方病)防制所,南京210009

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2015年第8期596-598,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2012）

摘　　要：目的 了解江苏省饮水型地方性氟中毒病情及降氟改水工程使用情况,为及时调整地方性氟中毒防治措施提供科学依据.方法 2012年,在江苏省选择9个地方性氟中毒防治重点县（区）作为调查点,每个调查点选择3个病区村作为调查村,了解调查村改水降氟工程进度和运行情况,采集调查村水样检测水氟含量;对所有调查村8～12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查.水氟测定采用《地方性氟中毒病区饮水氟化物的测定方法》（WS/T 106-1999）;氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法.结果 共监测了27个村,其中已改水村26个,占96.30％（26/27）;未改水村1个,占3.70％（1/27）.26个改水工程中,正常运转21个,占80.77％（21/26）;间歇运转2个,占8.70％（2/26）;报废3个,占11.54％（3/26）.改水工程正常运转且水氟合格的监测村8～12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为22.74％（380/1 761）,氟斑牙指数为0.45;改水工程水氟超标或工程不能正常运转的监测村8～12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为66.51％（143/215）,氟斑牙指数为1.45;未改水村8～12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为42.86％（12/28）,氟斑牙指数为0.86.结论 江苏省降氟改水工程对儿童氟斑牙的预防有一定效果,但改水工程仍然有报废或者水氟超标的情况.Objective To know the state of endemic fluorosis,running state of water improvement project in Jiangsu Province,and to provide a scientific basis for adjusting control measures against the disease.Methods Nine key counties were selected from the endemic fluorosis areas as survey spots in Jiangsu in 2012.Three villages in each spot were selected as survey villages.To known the progress and running conditions of water facilities,water samples were collected to determine the fluorosis level.All children aged 8 to 12 were tested for dental fluorosis at the survey villages.The fluorine content in water was determined with F-selective electrode （WS/T 106-1999）.Dental fluorosis was diagnosed byased on the Dean method.Results Twenty-seven villages were investigated,the number of villages that had water quality improved was 26,the rate was 96.30% （26/27）;the number of villages that did not have water quality improved was 1,the rate was 3.70% （1/27）.Among the 26 facilities,21 improved-water facilities ran normally,the rate was 80.77% （21/26）;2 facilities ran with intermittently water supply,the rate was 8.70% （2/26）;3 facilities were scraped,the rate was 11.54% （3/26）.In the villages with normal improved-water facilities and qualified water fluorosis,the total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 22.74% （380/1 761）,the index of dental fluorosis was 0.45.In the villages with abnormal improved-water facilities and excessive water fluorosis,the total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 66.51% （143/215）,the index of dental fluorosis was 1.45.The total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was 42.86% （12/28） in the villages which had not changed water source,the index of dental fluorosis was 0.86.Conclusion Improvement of water decreasing fluorine project in Jiangsu Province has a certain effect on children＆#39;s dental fluorosis,but some of the water fluorosis projects are scrapped,and excess fluorine water should be taken seriously.

关 键 词：氟中毒 牙 饮水 地方病 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]