2013年贵州省某三甲医院医院感染现状调查  

A Cross-sectional Study of Nosocomial Infection Status in a Hospital in 2013

作　　者：王清青[1] 查筑红[1] 程永素[1] 黄冰[1] 王平[1] 王敏[1] 冷应蓉[1] 罗光英[1] 李凌竹[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学附院医院感染管理科,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《贵阳医学院学报》2015年第9期939-942,953,共5页Journal of Guiyang Medical College

基　　金：贵州医科大学附院博士启动基金

摘　　要：目的：了解贵州省某三级甲等医院的医院感染现状,为制定有效的监控措施提供依据。方法：采用横断面调查方法,对贵州省某三级甲等医院2013年9月1日~9月6日所有住院患者进行调查,统计医院感染现患率、例次现患率及医院感染发生科室、抗菌药物使用情况及医院感染患者病原体送检情况,并统计侵袭性操作和外科手术患者发生医院感染情况。结果：调查住院患者1904人,医院感染现患率为4.67%,例次现患率为4.73%,其中以内科重症监护病房最高（53.8%）;医院感染部位以下呼吸道感染居首位（42.2%）,抗菌药物使用率为35.1%,其中一联药物使用率79.4%,治疗用药患者病原菌送检率为50.1%;侵袭性操作患者医院感染以呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率最高（3.4%）,I类手术切口感染率为2.5%。结论：医院感染的主要科室是重症监护病房,主要部位是呼吸道,需进一步加强高危科室监测与管理,控制医院感染发生。Objective： To investigate the current status of nosocomial infection in a 3rd grade class A hospital, and provide a basis for making effective monitoring measures. Methods： The cross-sectional survey was adopted to collect data from all inpatients who were hospitalized from September 1st, 2013 to September 6th, 2013. The infection prevalence rate and case infection prevalence rate were counted. Department of hospital infection, antibiotics usage information and detection rate of pathogen were ob- served or investigated. Invasive operation and nosocomial infection in surgical patients were also ob- served statistically. Results： Totally 1 904 inpatients were investigated, of whom infection prevalence rate was 4.67%, case infection prevalence rate was 4.73%, and the highest prevalence rate （53.8%） occurred in medical intensive care unit. In terms of infection site, lower respiratory tract infection stood first on the list （42.2%）. The average antimierobial usage rate were 35.1% , of which the rate of sin- gle antimicrobial usage was 79.4%. The detection rate of pathogen was 50.1%. In terms of infection caused by invasive operation, the infection rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia （3.4%） was the highest, and the infection rate of type I surgical incision was 2.5 %. Conclusion： The departments of high infection rates were the ICU, and the major infection sites were the respiratory tract. It is necessa- ry to strengthen the monitoring and management of high-risk departments and control nosocomial infec- tion.

关 键 词：医院感染 横断面调查 现患率 抗生素类 手术切口 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]