表观遗传和蛋白质翻译后修饰在细菌耐药中的作用  

The roles of epigenetics and protein post-translational modifications in bacterial antibiotic resistance

作　　者：谢龙祥 于召箫 郭思瑶[1] 李萍[1] Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla 谢建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院,三峡库区生态环境与生物资源省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,现代生物医药研究所,重庆400715

出　　处：《遗传》2015年第8期793-800,共8页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:81371851,81071316,81271882,81301394);教育部新世纪优秀人才资助计划(编号:NCET-11-0703);国家传染病科技重大专项(编号:2008ZX10003-006,2008ZX10003-001);中央高校基本业务费(编号:XDJK2013D003,XDJK2014D040);重庆市教委研究生创新项目(编号:CYS14044)资助

摘　　要：日益严重的细菌耐药性有可能使人类重回前抗生素时代。细菌的耐药机理多样,深入研究细菌的耐药性形成机理有助于开发控制耐药细菌感染的新措施。表观遗传和蛋白质翻译后修饰在细胞代谢、信号转导、蛋白质降解、调控DNA复制、应激反应等方面都具有重要作用。近年来研究表明表观遗传和蛋白质翻译后修饰在细菌耐药中也扮演着重要的角色。本文总结了DNA甲基化、调控型RNAs等表观遗传因素和磷酸化、琥珀酰基化等蛋白质翻译后修饰因素在细菌耐药性中的调控作用,以期为抗生素靶标选择和抗生素开发设计提供新思路。The increasing antibiotic resistance is now threatening to take us back to a pre-antibiotic era. Bacteria have evolved diverse resistance mechanisms, on which in-depth research could help the development of new strate- gies to control antibiotic-resistant infections. Epigenetic alterations and protein post-translational modifications （PTMs） play important roles in multiple cellular processes such as metabolism, signal transduction, protein degrada- tion, DNA replication regulation and stress response. Recent studies demonstrated that epigenetics and PTMs also play vital roles in bacterial antibiotic resistance. In this review, we summarize the regulatory roles of epigenetic factors including DNA methylation and regulatory RNAs as well as PTMs such as phosphorylation and succinylation in bacterial antibiotic resistance, which may provide innovative perspectives on selecting antibacterial targets and developing antibiotics.

关 键 词：表观遗传 DNA甲基化 调控型RNAs 蛋白质翻译后修饰 细菌耐药 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]