高效石油降解菌的筛选及在石油污水处理中的应用  

Screening on Highly Efficient Oil-degrading Bacteria and Their Application in Oil Sewage Disposal

作　　者：黄敏刚[1] 付瑞敏[1,2] 谷亚楠[1] 郭彦钊 陈五岭[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,西安710069 [2]河南教育学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2015年第13期3104-3107,3113,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省重大创新项目(2009ZKC04-16)

摘　　要：分别从新疆油田、大庆油田的原油中分离得到高效石油降解菌2株,分别编号L-1和D-2,对菌株进行形态学、生理生化及分子生物学分析,而后将L-1和D-2等比例形成微生物复合菌剂,测定复合菌剂对不同浓度和不同性质原油的降解率,并将该复合菌剂初步应用于石油污水的处理中。经鉴定,这两株菌分别为多食鞘氨醇杆菌(Sphingobacterium multivorum)和动胶菌(Zoogloea oryzae)。复合菌剂的最适接种量为9%、最适处理时间为72 h、最适p H 7.5,在该条件下,可将污水的含油量降低85%。因此,这两株高效石油降解菌在石油污水的处理中具有巨大的应用潜力。Two strains（L-1 ,D-2）,which can degrade petroleum, were isolated from crude oil of Xinjiang oilfield and Daqing oilfield respectively. After the morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular analysis, the two strains were identified and mixed together in equal proportion to form the microbial agents. Then, the microbial degradation rates of crude oil with different concentration and properties were tested. After that, the microbial agents were preliminarily applied to crude oil sewage disposal. As was shown in the resuks, the strains （L-1,D-2）were identified as Sphingobacterium multivorum and zoogloea oryzae respectively. The optimal inoculating concentration of the microbial agents was 9%, the optimal processing time was 6 h, and optimal pH was 7.5.Under that condition, the removal rate of crude oil could reach 85%. Therefore, the two oil-degrading bacterium were considered to have great utilization potentials on oil sewage disposal.

关 键 词：石油降解菌 原油 石油污水 水处理 

分 类 号：Q93-331[生物学—微生物学] X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]