制定挥发性有机化合物大气排放标准的方法研究  

Discussion on Methods of Formulating Emission Standards of VOCs

作　　者：蒋燕[1] 罗彬 王斌[1] 尹元畅 王波[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学建筑与环境学院,四川成都610065 [2]四川省环境监测总站,四川成都610091

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第8期256-260,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：四川省环境保护科技计划项目(2012HB012)

摘　　要：随着大气复合型污染日趋严重,制定有关VOCs的标准体系迫在眉睫。依据目前国内外制定排放限值的方法,探讨在缺乏新增VOCs相关空气质量标准和实测数据的情况下,确定新增VOCs排放限值的方法体系。首先,通过总结国内外标准制定的经验,提出了标准控制污染物的筛选原则,并列出了52种优先控制的单项新增VOCs和1项综合指标。然后,研究了新增VOCs的环境质量浓度和排放浓度的计算方法。最后,建议新增VOCs的环境质量浓度(Cm)选取国外环境空气质量标准,在国外缺乏质量标准的情况下,则可利用污染物车间浓度标准估算Cm值;排放浓度则根据VOCs的毒性大小,制定分级排放标准,分级排放浓度可定为5、20、100 mg/m3;无组织排放厂界浓度限值则依据Cm取值;淡化或取消VOCs排放速率控制指标。Due to the worsening complex air pollution in China, it is extremely urgent to formulate a standard system related to VOCs （volatile organic compounds）. Referring to the method of determining the emission limits, commonly used in the country and abroad, this paper discussed the method of formulating the emission standard in the circumstances that the measured emission concentration data of stationary sources were absent. Firstly, through summarizing the experience of working out standards domestically and internationally, the screening principles of VOCs to be controlled were put forward, and 52 new VOCs which need to be given a priority to control and one integrated indicator were listed. Then, the calculation methods of air quality concentration and emission concentration are studied; finally, advices were given regarding the quality concentration of new VOCs , i.e., the ambient air quality standards （Cm） of foreign country could be borrowed, if available; otherwise, it could be estimated by concentration within the workshop. The emission concentration was used to develop emission standards with different grades based on the degree of VOCs＂ toxicity, and the graded emission concentration can be classified as 5, 20, 100 mg/m3, respectively; fugitive （non-point） emission concentration can be determined by Cm; the control indicator of VOCs emission rate could be faded out or cancelled.

关 键 词：VOCS 质量标准 排放浓度 排放标准 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程]