水稻秸秆冷压成型参数试验研究  

Lab-scale Experimental Study on the Compressing Molding Parameters Under Cold Condition for Rice Straw Pellets

作　　者：涂德浴[1,2] 李安心[1] 胡云[1] 谢伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学机械工程学院,马鞍山243032 [2]农业部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2015年第4期446-453,共8页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学基金项目(KJ2013A060);农业部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室开放课题(2013KT02)

摘　　要：利用单孔成型设备对水稻秸秆在不同参数条件下进行冷压成型试验。通过单因子试验和正交试验,观测不同成型压力、原料粒径及含水率等条件下成型颗粒的松弛密度、耐久性及退模压力,研究成型参数对成型颗粒物理性能指标的影响,以寻求冷压成型一般参数范围和各参数对不同成型指标的影响,为秸秆热压成型和连续成型试验提供数据支持。单因子试验结果表明,水稻秸秆各成型参数的范围为成型压力1 2 0-1 8 0 M P a、粒径小于0.9 m m、含水率1 5%-2 5%。在单变量试验基础上,设计正交试验。正交试验结果表明,针对不同性能指标,各工艺参数成型颗粒的影响力不一致,成型压力对松弛密度、抗碎强度及抗压强度的影响较大;而原料粒径对抗渗水性的影响较大。对于松弛密度和抗碎强度,成型参数中成型压力、原料粒径、含水率的最佳组合为1 8 0 M P a、0-0.2 m m、1 8%,抗渗水性的成型参数最佳组合为1 8 0 M P a、0-0.2 m m、1 2%,抗压强度的成型参数最佳组合为1 8 0 M P a、0.6-0.9 m m、1 8%。The lab-scale rice straw cold-press forming experiments were carried out under different parameter conditions. In order to investigate the effect of some molding parameters, such as moisture content, particle size and compressive force, on rice straw cold compression molding process, single variable experiments and orthogonal experiments were employed which chose loose density and some durability indexes as judgment criteria. Single parameter tests showed the general law and range of each parameter. The results showed that the forming pressure was in the range of 120-180MPa, compared to the particle size in 0.2-0.9mm and moisture content in 12%-25%. Based on single variable tests, orthogonal tests were used to find the effect extent and reasonable combination of three parameters. The results indicated that each forming parameter had different impact extent to various physical properties. Indices of loose density, shatter resistance and compressive strength were strongly correlated with compressive force, and the parameter of particle size had massive effect on the index of water resistance. The reasonable parameter combination（forming pressure x particle size x moisture content） for loose density and shatter resistance was 180MPa, 0-0.2mm, 18%, but for water resistance was 180MPa, 0-0.2mm, 12%, and for compressive strength was 180MPa, 0.6-0.9mm, 18%. The conclusion can provide technical support for industrialized production of rice straw molding fuel.

关 键 词：水稻秸秆 成型燃料 正交试验 抗碎强度 松弛密度 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]