绿竹地上部营养元素的吸收、积累和分配特性  

Uptake, accumulation, and distribution of the main elemental nutrients in Dendrocalamopsis oldhami

作　　者：叶晶[1,2] 陶立华 柯和佳 项婷婷[2] 吴家森[2,4] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省临安市板桥镇农业公共服务中心,浙江临安311301 [2]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江临安311300 [3]浙江省苍南县林业局,浙江苍南325800 [4]浙江农林大学浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2015年第4期545-550,共6页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY13C160010);浙江农林大学科研发展基金资助项目(2014FR052)

摘　　要：绿竹Dendrocalamopsis oldhami是重要的笋材两用丛生竹之一,具有可持续经营和长期获益的特点。研究了绿竹地上部9种营养元素的吸收、积累和分配特性,为绿竹的养分管理提供基础。于2013年1月,在绿竹中心产区浙江省苍南县,在实地踏查基础上,采集不同年龄绿竹叶、枝、秆等样品,分析氮(N),磷(P),钾(K)等9种营养元素质量分数。结果表明:绿竹各器官中营养元素质量分数大小次序均表现为:叶>枝>秆。各器官元素的质量分数均以氮元素最高,而以铜质量分数最低。绿竹地上部营养元素积累量为621.07 kg·hm-2,大小顺序为秆(344.04 kg·hm-2)>叶(158.81 kg·hm-2)>枝(118.22 kg·hm-2),营养元素的积累量大小顺序为氮>钾>磷>镁>钙>铁>锰>锌>铜,积累量最多的是氮(354.28 kg·hm-2),占地上部积累量的57.04%,生产1.0 t干物质所需5种主要营养元素(氮、磷、钾、钙、镁)为12.92 kg,其中氮素占58.0%,因此,在生产中适当增施氮肥,可以促进绿竹的生长。Dendrocalamopsis oldhami is an important dual-use product providing wood and bamboo shoots. To improve sustainable bamboo management for long-term benefits, the uptake, accumulation, and distribution of the main nutrients in the above-ground parts of D. oldhami were studied. In January 2013, plant samples of different aged leaves, branches, and culms of D. oldhami were collected in Cangnan, Zhejiang Province to analyze nine elemental nutrients, namely N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu. Results showed that the nutrient content was leaves 〉 branches 〉 culms. Total nutrient accumulation in above-ground parts was 621.07 kg. hm^-2 with culms （344.04 kg.hm^-2） 〉 leaves （158.81 kg.hm^-2） 〉 branches （118.22 kg.hm^-2）. The nutrient accumulation amount was N〉K〉P〉Mg〉Ca〉Fe〉Mn〉Zn〉Cu. Maximum N accumulation was 354.28 kg. hm^-2 accounting for 57.0% of the total accumulation in the above-ground parts. Since the net organic production of a D. oldhami forest required 12.92 kg of the main nutrition elements （N, P, K, Ca, Mg） per ton with 58.0% of that being N, to promote growth an increase of N fertilizer is required.

关 键 词：植物学 绿竹 器官 营养元素 积累 分配 

分 类 号：S795.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]