2011-2013年铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性变迁  

Change of drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from 2011 to 2013

作　　者：黄贺梅[1] 韩忠敏[1] 魏永鸽[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州铁路职业技术学院医学技术系,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第15期3381-3382,3407,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：河南省科技攻关基金资助项目(0124170636)

摘　　要：目的了解2011-2013年铜绿假单胞菌(PAE)的感染及耐药性变迁,为临床合理选择抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法分析医院2011年1月-2013年12月临床标本中分离出1 053株铜绿假单胞菌,分离培养鉴定按照《全国临床检验操作规程》进行,药敏试验采用MIC法,数据采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2011-2013年共检出铜绿假单胞菌1 053株,其中从痰液中分离991株占94.11%;3年耐药率最高的抗菌药物为磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶、氯霉素和米诺环素,均为100.00%;3年耐药率均<20.00%的抗菌药物有氨曲南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢吡肟、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、多黏菌素B和黏菌素;耐药率增幅较大的抗菌药物为亚胺培南和美罗培南,分别由2011年的6.65%、8.82%上升至2013年的37.24%、21.62%。结论应加强铜绿假单胞菌耐药性监测,合理使用抗菌药物治疗,控制耐药菌株的产生。OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and investigate the change of drug resistance from 2011 to 2013 so as to provide scientific basis for reasonable clinical use of antibiot‐ics .METHODS From Jan 2011 to Dec 2013 ,totally 1 053 strains of P .aeruginosa were isolated from the clinical specimens ,the isolation ,culture ,and identification were carried out according to the national clinical laboratory operation rules ,the drug susceptibility testing was performed with the use of MIC method ,and the data were sta‐tistically analyzed by using SPSS 13 .0 software .RESULTS Of 1053 strains of P .aeruginosa isolated from 2011 to 2013 ,991 （94 .11% ） strains were isolated from the sputum specimens .The drug resistance rates to sulfamethox‐azole‐trimethoprim ,chloramphenicol ,and minocycline were 100 .00% in the three years ;the drug resistance rates to aztreonam ,piperacillin‐tazobactam ,cefepime ,cefoperazone‐sulbactam ,polymyxin B ,and colostin were less than 20 .00% in the three years ;the drug resistance rate to imipenem increased from 6 .65% in 2011 to 37 .24% in 2013 ,and the drug resistance rate to meropenem increased from 8 .82% in 2011 to 21 .62% in 2013 . CONCLUSION It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of drug resistance of the P .aeruginosa strains and rea‐sonably use antibiotics so as to control the emergence of the drug‐resistant strains .

关 键 词：铜绿假单胞菌 抗菌药物 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378.991[医药卫生—病原生物学]