患儿下呼吸道感染病原菌分布与药敏分析  

The distribution of pathogenic bacteria of lower respiratory tract infections in children and the analysis of drug sensitivity

作　　者：陈华[1] 赵华[2] 袁拥华[1] 杜甦[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院药学部,重庆400014 [2]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院呼吸二病房,重庆400014

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第15期3570-3571,3591,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家临床重点专科建设基金项目[国卫办医涵(2013)544]

摘　　要：目的分析患儿下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法对医院2013年1月-2013年12月收治的143例下呼吸道感染患儿分离的病原菌进行培养鉴定,分析病原菌分布情况并测定细菌耐药性,采用EXCEL进行统计分析。结果从143例患儿的下呼吸道分泌物中共分离培养出62株病原菌,阳性检出率为43.36%,其中以革兰阴性菌为主,共32株占51.61%,其次为革兰阳性菌共30株,占48.39%;前3位病原菌依次是肺炎链球菌、金黄葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌,分别占25.81%、16.13%及16.13%;革兰阳性菌对青霉素全部耐药,对万古霉素及替考拉宁均不耐药;革兰阴性菌对氨曲南的耐药率高,占72.4%,对亚胺培南没有耐药菌株检出。结论分析患儿下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性,将有助于指导临床合理应用抗菌药物。OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria of lower respiratory tract infections in children and the drug sensitivity and provide a reference basis for clinical treatment .METHODS Bacterial patho‐gens from children with lower respiratory tract infections who were treated in our hospital from Jan .2013 to Dec . 2013 were separated and collected for culture identification ,the distribution of pathogenic bacteria was analyzed and the drugs resistance was detected .The software EXCEL was used for statistical analysis .RESULTS Totally 62 pathogenic bacteria were detected from the lower respiratory tract secretions of 143 patients ,the positive rate was 43 .36% ,mainly including 32 gram‐negative strains ,accounting for 51 .61% ,followed by gram‐positive bac‐teria （30 ,48 .39% ） .Streptococcus pneumoniae ,Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the top three kinds of pathogenic bacteria and accounted for 25 .81% ,16 .13% ,16 .13% ,respectively .Gram‐positive bacteria were all resistant to penicillin and had no resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin .The resistant rate of gram‐neg‐ative bacteria to aztreonam was high ,being 72 .4% ,while there was no strains detected as resistant to imipenem . CONCLUSION Analysis of the distribution of pathogenic bacteria of lower respiratory tract infection in children and drug resistance will be helpful for guiding the clinical rational use of antibiotics .

关 键 词：下呼吸道 感染 病原菌 分布 耐药性 患儿 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]