多腔室穿孔管消声器声学特性分析  

Analysis of Acoustic Attenuation Performance of Multi-chamber Perforated Mufflers

作　　者：郑晗[1] 周其斗[1] 毛艳蕾[2] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学舰船工程系 [2]91206部队

出　　处：《武汉理工大学学报（交通科学与工程版）》2015年第4期778-783,共6页Journal of Wuhan University of Technology（Transportation Science & Engineering）

摘　　要：采用一维解析法和三维有限元法分别预测了穿孔管消声器的声学性能,并与实验值对比,结果表明,三维有限元法能在全频段很好地预报消声器的传递损失.采用有限元法研究了多腔室穿孔管消声器的腔室顺序、腔室数目、腔室划分和腔室间距等因素对其声学性能的影响,结果表明:多腔室穿孔管消声器的传递损失值是组成它的多个单腔室穿孔管消声器传递损失的线性叠加,腔室顺序对传递损失结果没有影响;采用插入障板的方式将单腔室穿孔管消声器划分为多腔室穿孔管消声器,可以有效改善消声器的低中频消声性能;插入障板的位置对阻性和抗性消声器的影响规律不同,障板均等划分对阻性消声器的传递损失增大有利,对抗性消声器则并不一定;腔室间距对传递损失的影响主要体现在峰值数目上,峰值大小基本不变,总体而言,腔室间距为0时,消声器在全频段具有最好的消声性能.One-dimensional analytical method and three-dimensional finite element method were adopted to predict the acoustic attenuation performance of perforated mufflers. Comparisons with experimental results demonstrated that three-dimensional finite element method can predict the transmission loss accurately in the whole frequency band. The finite element method was then used to investigate the effects of chamber sequence, chamber number, chamber division and chamber distance on the acoustic performance of multi-chamber perforated mufflers. The results show that the transmission loss of a multi-chamber perforated muffler is the sum of all component single-chamber mufflers＇ transmission loss. The chamber sequence has no impact on the transmission loss. It can greatly improve the acous- tic attenuation performance to turn a one-chamber muffler into a multi-chamber muffler by inserting rigid baffles in the chamber. The location of baffles has definitely different effects on dissipative and reactive mufflers. Making one chamber into two equal chambers is good for dissipative mufflers on in- creasing the transmission loss, which is not true for reactive mufflers. The distance between two chambers has influence on the number of peaks of transmission loss curves, and no influence on the peak values. In general, when the distance is zero, the muffler has the best acoustic performance.

关 键 词：穿孔管消声器 多腔室 传递损失 有限元法 

分 类 号：TB535.2[理学—物理]