淡竹叶有效成分提取及生物活性研究  

Extraction and bioactivity of effective component from Phyllostachys glauca Mc Clure leaves

作　　者：王东方[1] 王庆忠[1] 曹慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊学院山东省高校生物化学与分子生物学重点实验室,山东潍坊261061

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2015年第6期1034-1037,共4页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：山东省星火计划项目(2012XH06031);潍坊市科技发展计划项目(2011022;20111023);潍坊学院科技发展计划项目(2012z07)

摘　　要：【目的】提取淡竹叶有效成分,研究其抑菌效果及对黑腹果蝇、槐蚜的毒杀活性,为淡竹叶提取物应用于植物源生物农药提供理论基础。【方法】采用索氏提取法,用80%乙醇配合加热的方法提取淡竹叶有效成分,用10%二甲基亚枫(DMSO)稀释有效成分提取物,配制成质量浓度分别为10、20、30、40、50和60 mg/m L的药液,对细菌、黑腹果蝇、槐蚜分别进行抑菌及毒杀活性测定。【结果】淡竹叶提取物对大肠杆菌等革兰氏阴性菌有明显的抑菌效果,最大抑菌圈直径为1.4 cm;对黑腹果蝇有明显的毒杀作用,且随着淡竹叶提取物质量浓度的提高,其对黑腹果蝇的毒杀作用随之增大,半致死率(LC50)为50.21 mg/m L;对槐蚜有较强的触杀作用,当提取物质量浓度为60 mg/m L时,槐蚜死亡率达96.70%,其LC50为15.11 mg/m L。【结论】淡竹叶提取物具有杀虫和抑菌作用,可作为杀虫抑菌成分添加到植物源生物农药中,具有广阔的应用潜力。【Objective】The present experiment was conducted to extract effective components from leaves of Phyllostachys glauca Mc Clure, and investigate its antibacterial effect and insecticidal activity against Drosophila melanogaster and Aphis sophoricola Zhang, in order to provide theoretical basis for applying it to production of biological pesticides.【Method】Using Soxhlet extraction method, the active ingredient of P. glauca Mc Clure leaves was extracted by combining80% ethanol with heating. Then it was diluted into different mass concentration solutions（10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 mg/m L）with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide（DMSO）, respectively. Finally, its antibacterial and insecticidal activities against bacteria,D. melanogaster and A. sophoricola Zhang were determined respectively. 【Result 】The results showed that, the extracts from P. glauca Mc Clure leaves had significant inhibiting effect on Escherichia coli and other gram-negative bacterias with maximum antimicrobial cycle diameter of 1.4 cm. Meanwhile the extracts also showed obvious toxicity to D. melanogaster,thus its toxic effect increased gradually with the increase of extracts＇ mass concentration, and its median lethal concentration（LC50） was 50.21 mg/m L. In addition, the extracts also had strong contact toxicity to A. sophoricola Zhang, and made the mortality rate of A. sophoricola Zhang reached up to 96.70% when the mass concentration was 60 mg/m L, therefore its LC50 was 15.11 mg/m L. 【Conclusion 】The extracts from P. Glauca Mc Clure leaves has antibacterial and insecticidal effects, which can be added to botanical pesticide with vast application potential.

关 键 词：淡竹叶 提取物 抑菌效果 毒杀活性 

分 类 号：S482.1[农业科学—农药学]