蚕丝丝素材料的生物降解性能  

Biodegradation Behavior of Silk Fibroin Materials

作　　者：李明忠[1] 张剑[2] 邱玉华[3] 卢神州[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学现代丝绸国家工程实验室,江苏苏州215021 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院烧伤科,上海200025 [3]苏州大学医学部免疫学系,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2015年第7期565-570,557,共6页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31370968);江苏省基础研究计划(BK20131177)

摘　　要：蚕丝丝素材料植入体内后的降解可直接造成其形态和结构变化、力学性能和质量下降。降解产物与组织反应或全身反应的程度密切相关。用于组织工程和再生医学的丝素支架材料的生物降解速率应与组织再生速率相匹配;用于药物控制释放系统的丝素载体的生物降解速率应与生物活性物质的释放需要相适应。概述了近年来对丝素材料生物降解问题的研究现状,介绍了通过体外、体内实验所观察到的丝素材料生物降解行为,包括天然丝素纤维、再生丝素纤维、多孔支架及薄膜等,总结了未来需要进一步研究的问题。指出蚕丝丝素作为一种蛋白质可被多种蛋白酶催化水解;天然丝素纤维比再生丝素材料的生物降解速率慢;丝素的分子构象、结晶度、交联程度、材料的形态等对丝素的降解速率有明显影响;建立预测丝素材料生物降解程度与其功能变化以及与机体应答关系的研究模型和技术,有效调控其生物降解速率,将是未来的研究方向。Degradation behavior of silk fibroin materials after in vivo implantation affects the morphological, structural and mechanical properties and gives rise to the mass loss of materials, and degradation products are closely related to the host tissue and body responses. The degradation rate of silk fibroin scaffolds and drug carriers should mirror the rate of tis- sue regeneration or be adequate for the controlled release of bioaetive molecules. Here, this paper summarizes the degradation behaviors of silk-based materials over the last few years through introducing in vitro and in vivo degradation properties of natural silk fibroin fibers and regenerated silk fibroin materials including regenerated silk fibroin fibers, films and porous scaffolds, discussing the influences of morphological and structural features on degradation rate of silk fibroin mate- rials, and further highlights the potential issues. The results obtained from current state researches indicate that silk fibroin can be hydrolyzed by various proteases in vitro and in vivo. The regenerated silk fibroin materials show a rapid degradation rate compared to natural silk fibroin fibers. Furthermore, the molecular conformation, erystallinity, erosslinking degree and morphological features significantly influence the degradation rate of regenerated silk fibroin materials. It will be the aim of future research to develop the models and technology that can predict the biodegradation degree and functional alteration of biomaterials as well as the host body responses to the biomaterials, effectively controlling the degradation rate of biomaterials.

关 键 词：蚕丝 丝素 生物降解 蛋白酶 丝素多孔材料 

分 类 号：TS149[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]