微尺度组织工程与组织结构的组装构建  

Microscale Tissue Engineering and the Bottom-up Assembly for 3D Tissue Construction

作　　者：肖文谦[1] 孙静[1] 范红松[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学国家生物医学材料工程技术研究中心,四川成都610064

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2015年第7期582-588,557,共7页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81071272;51273121)

摘　　要：自然组织是由高度复杂化的组织微单元结构体组成,如何在体外重现这些微结构体的结构和功能是现今组织工程学的巨大挑战。微尺度组织工程是一项利用现代微制造技术加工和控制支架材料的微观空间特征从而精确控制细胞微环境,在微尺度水平上引导和促进制备具有模拟天然组织的非同质性和各向异性的人造组织工程复合体的新型组织工程构建技术。微尺度组织工程通过制备功能化微结构单元并通过"自下而上"构建路径使得制备具有复杂精细结构的工程化组织成为可能,也为组织工程提供了一条新的思路。本文对微尺度组织工程的常用技术和构建方式做了详细介绍,重点阐述了通过微凝胶单元制造和"自上而下"的组装构建方式制备组织工程复合体的新技术,并对该领域的未来应用和挑战进行了展望。Since most living tissues are composed of repeating micro-units with highly complex organizational structure, one of the major challenges in tissue engineering is to reproduce the architectures and functional properties of these micro- units in vitro. Microscale tissue engineering is a new emerging field which can precisely control the cellular microenviron- ment by the regulation of the microscopic geometry of scaffold using modern microfabrication technology. Accordingly, the simulation of natural tissues with non-homogeneous and isotropic heterosexual artificial can be directed and promoted on the microscale level. Through fabricating the micro-units and assembly by the ＂bottom-up＂ approach, construction of the engineered tissue with complicated structure became possible. Therefore the mciroscale tissue engineering could provide us with a new pathway and idea for the tissue engineering. In this paper, an overview of microfabrication technologies and construction approaches commonly used in microscale tissue engineering were presented, and the future applications and challenges of this field were discussed. Meanwhile, a bottom-up approach to direct the assembly of cell-laden microgels to generate tissue constructs was illustrated.

关 键 词：组织工程 微尺度组织工程 微制造 水凝胶 组装 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]