新疆昌吉地区荷斯坦奶牛生长发育规律分析  

Analysis on Growth and Development Pattern of Holstein Cows in Changji Area of Xinjiang

作　　者：刘丽元[1] 臧长江[1] 周靖航[1] 马晓燕[1] 热西提.阿不都热依木 黄锡霞[1] 葛建军[2] 马光辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆呼图壁种牛场,呼图壁831203

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2015年第8期2036-2041,共6页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD12B09);新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(201230116-7);现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-37)

摘　　要：试验旨在分析新疆昌吉地区不同年龄阶段荷斯坦奶牛体尺、体重变化规律,了解荷斯坦奶牛体尺、体重指标之间的相关性。本研究对新疆昌吉地区测定的2012~2013年2 972头次不同年龄阶段的荷斯坦奶牛体尺、体重记录进行处理得出各年龄阶段的体尺指数,分别绘制了累积生长曲线、绝对生长曲线和相对生长曲线;并对荷斯坦奶牛各体尺指标与体重进行了相关性分析。结果表明,荷斯坦奶牛体尺、体重随着年龄的增加均呈递增趋势,在1~3岁时生长发育迅速,3岁以后,其生长速度和生长强度逐渐下降;体高、体长、胸围、管围和体重间的相关系数均达到极显著水平（P〈0.01）。在实际生产中,要特别注意荷斯坦奶牛3岁以前的饲养管理,保证其营养需求以达到最佳生理状态。The aims of this study were to understand the relationship between the indexes of body size and body weight in Holstein cows, and the variation pattern of body size and body weight of different age stages of Holstein cows in Changji area of Xinjiang were analyzed. This study based on the measurement record of the body size and body weight of 2 972 Holstein cows of different age stages from 2012 to 2013 in Changji area of Xinjiang,obtained the body size index of different age stages, and mapped out the cumulative growth curve, absolute growth curve and relative growth curve;At the same time,carried on a correlation analyses between each body size index and body weight of Holstein cows. The results showed that along with the increase of age, body size index and body weight of Holstein cows were increasing ; At the age of 1 to 3, the growth and development were rapid,it was the most important period for the growth and development of cat- tle. The correlation coefficients among body height, body length, chest circumference, cannon circ- umference and body weight were reached significant level （P〈0.01）. It was important to pay spe- cial attention to breeding management of Holstein cow before three years old,and ensured its nu- tritional requirements in order to achieve the best physical condition in the process of breeding.

关 键 词：荷斯坦奶牛 体尺指标 生长发育规律 相关性 

分 类 号：S813.24[农业科学—畜牧学]