漓江水陆交错带不同淹没区植物多样性与土壤特征  

Plant diversity and soil characteristics of different inundation zones in an aquaticterrestrial ecotone,Li River

作　　者：李扬[1] 王冬梅[1] 信忠保[1] 王晶[1] 任远[1] 李青山[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第15期5121-5130,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC16B03)

摘　　要：针对旅游区水陆交错带出现植被退化、砾石裸露导致景观观赏度降低的问题,以广西桂林市大圩古镇水陆交错带为研究区域,按照水陆交错带淹没程度将其划分不同淹没区,并在详细调查基础上研究了各淹没区植被指标与土壤理化特征分布特征。结果表明:研究区内水陆交错带物种组成以一年生草本植物为主,物种多样性在各个不同淹没区基本呈现为先增后减的趋势,具体为轻度淹没区>中度淹没区>重度淹没区>微度淹没区;随着水文作用的减弱,土壤砂粒含量呈现逐渐减小的趋势,粉粒和黏粒含量呈现逐渐增加趋势,土壤容重、土壤有机质含量和土壤全磷含量呈现先减后增的趋势;全氮含量呈现先增后减趋势,全钾含量在各淹没区差异不明显;研究表明大圩古镇水陆交错带土壤理化性质与植被多样性强烈地受以水位为主导的水文过程的影响与控制。扁蓄可以作为一种指示水淹时间的物种;此外,大圩古镇水陆交错带除受水文作用影响较大外,高强度旅游干扰也是重要的因素之一,植被恢复工作应兼顾生态和旅游,提升大圩古镇景观游憩度。This assay studied the relationship between vegetation index and soil physical and chemical characteristics of different inundation zones of the aquatic-terrestrial ecotones of Daxu Town. It also addressed the ecological problems related to water shortage and vegetation degeneration occurring in the Li River in recent years. The results showed that in the study area, species composition of the aquatic-terrestrial ecotone was dominated by annual herbaceous plants and species diversity in different inundation zones initially increased and then reduced. The change in species diversity was in the following order of inundation degree： light inundation zone〉 severe inundation zone〉 middle inundation zone〉 micro inundation zone. Weakening of the hydrological influence resulted in gradual reduction of sand content, gradual increase of silt and clay content, whereas soil bulk density, soil organic matter, and total soil phosphorus initially reduced and then increased. The total nitrogen content decreased after the initial increase, total potassium was not significantly different in all zones, whereas soil properties and vegetation diversity of Daxu Town ecotone were strongly influenced and controlled by the water level. The study also indicated that Polygonum aviculare can be used as an indicator species for flooding. In addition, the Daxu Town ecotone is also affected by tourism. Therefore, vegetation restoration work should consider the ecological aspects of the ecotone and tourism in order to enhance the Daxu Town landscape and possibilities for recreation.

关 键 词：水文 植被 土壤 漓江 水陆交错带 旅游区 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]