两性双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究  

Synthesis and properties of amphoteric Gemini surfactant

作　　者：谢郢[1] 赖璐[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学化学与环境工程学院,湖北荆州434023

出　　处：《日用化学工业》2015年第8期421-424,共4页China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(21403017);中国石油科技创新基金资助项目(2011D-5006-0211)

摘　　要：以二乙胺盐酸盐、十二烷基二甲基叔胺、环氧氯丙烷和丙磺酸内酯等为原料,合成了一种两性型双子(Gemini)表面活性剂,并采用红外光谱和元素分析对合成产物进行结构表征;采用滴体积法测定合成产物的表面张力曲线;采用电导率法测定并计算了合成产物的胶束化热力学参数。结果表明,合成产物的临界胶束浓度(cmc)和cmc时的表面张力分别为8×10-5mol/L和38.57 m N/m,且随着温度的升高,产物溶液的cmc升高。胶束化过程的ΔHθm为负值,说明胶束化过程是一个放热过程;胶束化过程的ΔSθm为正值,说明胶束化过程是一个熵驱动过程。A kind of amphoteric Gemini surfactant was synthesized with diethylamine hydrochloride, epichlorohydrin, dodecyl dimethylamine and propanesultone as starting materials. The chemical structure of the synthesis product was characterized by 1R and elemental analysis. The surface activity vs. concentration plot of the synthesis product was investigated by drop volume method, and the thermodynamic parameters were calculated based upon measurement of electrical conductivity of the synthesis product. Results showed that the critical micelle concentration （cmc） of the synthesis product is 8×10^-5mol/L, and the surface tension at cmc minimizes to 38.57 mN/m. Moreover, with the increasing of temperature, the cmc of the synthesis product increases. The △Hm^θ of micellization process is negative, indicating that the process is an exothermic process. The △Sm^θ is positive, which suggests that the micellization process is an entropy -driven process.

关 键 词：两性双子表面活性剂 表面活性 胶束化热力学 

分 类 号：TQ423.3[化学工程]