ICU铜绿假单胞菌与鲍氏不动杆菌感染的调查研究  

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii infections in ICU patients

作　　者：崔向荣[1,2] 井宣 武学清[1] 李强[1] 王振强[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省妇幼保健院生殖医学中心,山西太原030000 [2]临汾市中心医院检验科,山西临汾041000 [3]山西省人民医院检验科,山西太原030000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第16期3626-3628,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：湖北省卫生厅重点基金资助项目(HW-2012B-036)

摘　　要：目的对临汾地区重症监护病房(ICU)患者铜绿假单胞菌及鲍氏不动杆菌的感染菌株分布及耐药性进行调查分析,为其临床预防治疗提供参考依据。方法选择2013年5月-2014年5月临汾地区ICU住院患者所分离出的386株铜绿假单胞菌和279株鲍氏不动杆菌为研究对象,对其感染分布部位及耐药性进行统计分析,数据采用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计分析。结果 ICU分离出的386株铜绿假单胞菌在痰及咽拭子检出最高,共243株占62.95%,对临床常见抗菌药物耐药性最高分别为左氧氟沙星和头孢他啶,耐药率均>60.00%;分离出的279株鲍氏不动杆菌在痰液及咽拭子检出最高,共145株占51.97%,对左氧氟沙星和头孢吡肟的耐药性最高,耐药率均>70.00%;铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌均在ICU及呼吸科检出率最高,分别为32.14%、22.31%,23.24%、21.05%。结论 ICU患者发生铜绿假单胞菌和鲍氏不动杆菌感染最多的部位是下呼吸道,且耐药性严重,临床治疗中应根据药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物。OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acineto‐bacter baumannii causing infections in the intensive care unit （ICU） patients in Linfen area so as to provide guid‐ance for the clinical prevention and treatment .METHODS Totally 386 strains of P .aeruginosa and 279 strains of A .baumannii were isolated from ICU patients of Linfen area from May 2013 to May 2014 .The infection sites and the drug resistance of the enrolled strains were statistically analyzed ,and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS16 .0 software .RESULTS Of 386 strains of P .aeruginosa isolated from the ICU patients ,243 strains were isolated from sputum and throat swab specimens ,accounting for 62 .95% ;the drug resistance rates to the most commonly used antibiotics such as levofloxacin and ceftazidime were more than 60 .00% .Of 279 strains of A .baumannii ,145 strains were isolated from sputum and throat swab specimens ,accounting for 51 .97% ;the drug resistance rates to levofloxacin and cefepime were more than 70 .00% .The isolation rate of the P .aeruginosa was 32 .14% in the ICU ,22 .31% in the respiratory department ;the isolation rate of the A .baumannii was 23 .24% in the ICU ,21 .05% in the respiratory department .CONCLUSION The lower respiratory tract is the most common infection site of the ICU patients infected with the P .aeruginosa and A .baumannii ,which are high‐ly drug‐resistant .It is necessary for the hospital to reasonably use antibiotics based on the results of the drug sus‐ceptibility testing .

关 键 词：重症监护病房 铜绿假单胞菌 鲍氏不动杆菌 耐药监测 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]