ICU患者感染病原菌分布与危险因素分析  

Analysis of the distribution and related factors of pathogens in ICU

作　　者：詹伟锋[1] 刘新强[1] 何楷然[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省人民医院(广东省医学科学院)急危重症医学部,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第16期3648-3649,3652,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：广东省科技厅基金资助项目(2010320039)

摘　　要：目的探讨ICU患者医院感染病原菌的分布特征,并对相关因素进行分析,以期指导临床制定相应的预防措施。方法统计2012年1月-2013年12月ICU 560例住院患者中发生医院感染病原菌检查结果,并对发生感染的相关因素进行分析,数据采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 ICU 560例住院患者发生医院感染126例,感染率为22.5%;共分离出148株病原菌,以痰液检出为主,共78株占52.7%;检出病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,共92株占62.2%;发生感染的相关因素分析显示,患者的意识状态、前期感染、侵入性诊疗、住院时间、血糖水平是导致ICU住院患者医院感染的关键因素(P<0.05)。结论 ICU患者感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,真菌感染发生率有所增高,ICU住院患者的意识状态、前期感染、侵入性诊疗、住院时间、血糖水平是导致感染的独立危险因素。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution characteristics of pathogens causing hospital infections and to analyze the risk factors so as to guide the development of appropriate preventive measures .METHODS Bacteriolo‐gy examination results and the related factors of the infected 560 hospitalized patients from Jan .2012 to Dec .2013 in ICU were analyzed by SPSS 17 .0 software .RESULTS A total of 126 cases were infected in the 560 cases of hos‐pitalized patients in ICU and the incidence rate was 22 .5% ,and 148 strains of pathogens were isolated ,most of which were from sputum （52 .7 % ） .Pathogens were mainly gram -positive bacteria with 92 strains ,accounting for 62 .2% .Analysis showed that state of consciousness ,early infection ,invasive treatments ,hospitalization time ,blood glucose level ,packet of based disease in the ICU were risk factors for hospital infections in ICU （P〈0 .05） .CONCLUSION Gram‐negative bacteria are main pathogenic bacteria causing infections in ICU ,and fungal infection rate increased .For ICU patients ,state of consciousness ,the early infection ,invasive treatments ,hospi‐talization time and blood glucose level are independent risk factors for nosocomial infections .

关 键 词：重症监护病房 医院感染 病原菌 分布 高危因素 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]