新生儿病房医院感染临床调查与危险因素分析  

Clinical investigation and analysis on related factors of nosocomial infections in neonatal wards

作　　者：罗洁[1] 王亚娟[1] 姚开虎[2] 王慧欣[1] 顾松[1] 姜敏[1] 丁翊君[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院新生儿中心,北京100045 [2]北京市儿科研究所微生物研究室,北京100045

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第16期3824-3826,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81371853)

摘　　要：目的探讨新生儿病房医院感染发生的高危因素,为降低感染率制定相应预防措施提供依据。方法回顾性分析2013年6月-2015年1月医院收治的6 827例新生儿临床资料,分析85例发生医院感染新生儿的高危因素,数据采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果 6 827例住院新生儿中,发生医院感染85例,感染率为1.2%;85例医院感染新生儿中共分离出38株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主,共27株占71.0%;多因素分析显示,出生体质量≤1500g、住院时间≥9d、胎龄<37周、气管插管、PICC置管是导致新生儿发生医院感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论新生儿医院感染主要病原菌为革兰阴性菌,临床上需要针对医院感染的危险因素制定相应的预防措施,从而降低医院感染率。OBJECTIVE To investigate the high‐risk factors of nosocomial infections in neonatal wards ,in order to reduce the infection rate and provide the basis to formulate the corresponding preventive measures .METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 6827 neonates from Jun .2013 to Jan .2015 ,among whom 85 had nosocomial infections and the high‐risk factors of these infection cases were analyzed .The software SPSS19 .0 was used for statistical analysis .RESULTS Among the 6827 cases of hospitalized neonates ,85 had nos‐ocomial infections ,the infection rate was 1 .2% .Totally 38 pathogenic strains were isolated from the 85 cases , mainly including 27 stains of gram‐negative bacteria （71 .0% ） .The multi‐factor analysis showed that birth weight less than 1500 g ,hospitalization time ≥ 9 d ,gestational age 0 37 weeks ,tracheal intubation ,and PICC catheter were independent risk factors of nosocomial infection in neonatal wards （P〈0 .05） .CONCLUSION Main patho‐gens for nosocomial infections were gram‐negative bacteria in neonatal wards .The appropriate preventive measures in clinical treatment need to be developed according to the risk factors of nosocomial infection ,so as to reduce the nosocomial infection rate .

关 键 词：新生儿 医院感染 危险因素 病原菌 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]