身体活动熟虑-冲动双系统模型的构建与检验  

The Construction and Testing of Reflective-impulsive Model of Physical Activity

作　　者：许昭[1] 毛志雄[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东体育学院,山东济南250102 [2]北京体育大学运动人体科学学院,北京100084

出　　处：《体育科学》2015年第8期16-23,85,共9页China Sport Science

基　　金：山东省高等学校人文社会科学研究项目(J13WK03)

摘　　要：已有的锻炼行为理论均是以理性决策为基础,认为人们只要意识到锻炼的益处,就会产生参与锻炼的意图、动机,从而进行规律的体育锻炼。然而,行为并非完全由理性系统控制,还受非理性系统的影响。本研究以针对健康行为提出的双加工模型——熟虑-冲动双系统模型为基本理论框架,构建应用于身体活动领域的熟虑-冲动双系统模型并检验。研究一:构建身体活动领域熟虑-冲动双系统模型,构建的模型包括熟虑前因、冲动前因、影响熟虑与冲动对身体活动作用的调节变量。研究二:选择1 519名参与者对身体活动熟虑-冲动双系统模型进行检验,并检验各调节变量。结果显示:1)身体活动的熟虑系统与冲动系统是两个独立的加工过程,身体活动由两个系统共同决定;2)冲动系统与熟虑系统对身体活动的影响,受行为习惯性的调节,行为习惯性越强,冲动作用越小,反之越大;3)冲动系统与熟虑系统对身体活动的影响,受意志品质的调节,意志品质越高,熟虑系统对身体活动影响更大,反之冲动系统起作用更大。Exercise psychological models are based on the rational decision .They suppose that people will do regular exercise if they realize the benefits of it .The behavior is not only decided by the reflective system w hich is based on the rational decision ,but also influenced by the im‐pulsive system which is based on the irrational decision .Two studies were conducted to （1 ） construct and test the model ,and （2 ） examine the moderator variables .In study 1 ,RIM PA was proposed .The RIM_PA combines （1） reflective precursors ,which integrate elements from other physical activity model ,such as attitude behavior ,subjective norm etc .,（2 ） impulsive precursor ,which is reflected by the affect association ,and （3） the moderator variables ,which shift the weight between reflective and impulsive influences .In study 2 ,the physical activity , the reflective precursors ,the willpower and the impulsive precursor of 1519 college students were assessed .The multi‐group structural equation modeling was used to test the model and moderator variables .It comes to the conclusions that （1） RIMPA can be used to interpret and predict physical activity .（2） The habitualness is a moderator variable which shifts the weight between reflective and impulsive influences .The Habitualness is stronger ,and the impulsive in‐fluences are more .（3） The willpower is another moderator variable .For the higher willpower participants ,the reflective precursors have a stronger influence on physical activity than impul‐sive precursor ,while the result for the lower willpower participants is converse .

关 键 词：身体活动 双加工理论 熟虑系统 冲动系统 情感联结 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]