弓形虫棒状体蛋白2家族成员研究进展  

Advances in the study of rhoptry proteins 2 of Toxoplasma gondii

作　　者：张贤[1,2,3] 甘小凤[1,2,3] 程正阳[1,2,3] 余莉[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学病原生物学教研室,安徽合肥230032 [2]安徽医科大学人兽共患病安徽省重点实验室 [3]安徽病原生物学省级实验室

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2015年第6期574-576,I0003,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.30800965);安徽医科大学青年拔尖人才支持计划项目(No.0113014104)

摘　　要：弓形虫是引起人兽共患弓形虫病的顶复门专性细胞内寄生原虫,感染的宿主范围广泛,严重危害人类的健康及畜牧业的发展。近年来随着对弓形虫研究的不断深入,弓形虫棒状体蛋白2家族在虫体入侵、纳虫泡修饰及毒力作用方面发挥的重要作用得到进一步的证实。棒状体蛋白ROP18作为该家族的重要成员,是弓形虫重要的毒力分子,在IRGs通路中发挥着重要作用。它可以定位在PVM上,清除IRGs,从而在弓形虫入侵细胞的过程中发挥着逃避免疫细胞清除的作用。另一家族成员蛋白假性激酶ROP5与ROP18之间发挥着协同作用,可以提高激酶活性来控制弓形虫的急性毒力,保护弓形虫免于清除。本文就ROP18与ROP5等毒力因子的分子作用机制进行了综述。Toxoplasma gondii is a member of the phylum Apicomplexa, a diverse group of primarily obligate intracellu- lar protozoan parasites. T. gondii infects a wide range of hosts and occasionally causes serious diseases in humans and an- imals. Extensive studies of the molecular mechanisms by which T. gondii invades host cells have revealed that the rhoptry protein 2 family plays important roles in invasion by T. gondii, modification of its parasitophorous vacuole membrane, and enhancement of its virulence. ROP18, a critical virulence factor for T. gondii, has been found to target the IRG system. When ROP18 is tethered to the PVM, it phosphorylates IRGs, allowing the parasite to ultimately escape immune elimination. A pseudo kinase in the ROP2 family, ROP5 is an important partner for ROP18. ROP 5 contributes to the acute virulence of T. gondii in the mouse by acting with IRGs to improve the kinase activity of ROP18. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of ROP18 and ROPS, as well as other virulence factors of T. gondii.

关 键 词：ROP2家族 弓形虫 毒力 综述 

分 类 号：R382.5[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]