轴承圆锥滚子外观缺陷检测研究  

Appearance defect detection of tapered roller

作　　者：陈丹阳[1] 曹丽[2] 林一高 张秋坤[2] 钟舜聪[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]漳州职业技术学院,现代教育技术中心,福建漳州363000 [2]福州大学机械工程及自动化学院光学/太赫兹及无损检测实验室,福建福州350108 [3]福建省医疗器械和生物技术重点实验室,福建福州350000

出　　处：《机电工程》2015年第8期1084-1087,共4页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51005077);教育部高学校博士学科点科研基金(博导类,20133514110008);国家卫生和计划生育委员会科研基金(WKJ-FJ-27);福建省杰出青年基金滚动项目(2014J07007);福建省质量技术监督局科技项目(FJQI2013095,FJQI2013024);福建省高等学校学科带头人培养计划(闽教人〔2013〕71号);国家质检总局科技计划项目(2011QK216)

摘　　要：针对目前基于目视法的轴承滚子表面缺陷检测效率低且容易受人为因素影响的问题,基于光学单缝衍射原理搭建圆锥滚子外观缺陷检测系统。利用CMOS摄像头采集轴承滚子表面的衍射条纹图像,与无缺陷衍射条纹图像进行了差分运算,实现了对由于圆锥滚子表面存在缺陷引起衍射条纹局部弯曲导致图像变化的检测。采用形态学运算有效去除噪点并增强衍射条纹,达到了改善图像质量的目的,便于实现对轴承滚子表面缺陷有效检测和识别。利用了旋转圆柱体的摩擦力带动圆锥滚子的转动,实现了圆锥滚子锥面所有区域的缺陷。研究结果表明,基于单缝衍射原理的检测系统为轴承外观缺陷检测提供了一种高效、可靠、实时性好的工具,可推荐应用于轴承工业中圆锥滚子外观缺陷的在线检测。Aiming at resolving the problem of low efficiency of tapered roller appearance defect detection by visual method and the effect of human factor, an appearance defect detection system for tapered roller based on single-slit diffraction method was developed. A CMOS camer- a was employed to capture the diffraction fringe images from damaged bearing roller surface. The series of images was subtracted by intact bearing roller surface. From the subtracted images, the defect detection could be carried out by the deformed diffraction fringes caused by the existence of defect on the surface of bearing rollers. Morphological algorithm was applied to deduce the image noise and also to enhance the image quality of diffraction fringe. It facilitated the effective defect detection of tapered bearing roller. In order to detect all areas on the taper roller surface, a rotating cylinder was used to rotate the roller by the friction force. The experimental results demonstrate that the developed system provide a high efficient, reliable and real-time tool for appearance defect detection of tapered rollers and therefore, it can be recom- mended for real-time defect detection of tapered rollers in bear industries.

关 键 词：单缝衍射 圆锥滚子 形态学算法 衍射条纹 

分 类 号：TH841[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TH133.3[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]