2008—2013年江苏省甲型肝炎疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Analysis on the Surveillance of Adverse Events Following Immunization of Hepatitis A Vaccine in Jiangsu Province From 2008 to 2013

作　　者：高君[1] 张晋琳[1] 马福宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏省南京市210009

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2015年第23期2851-2856,共6页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的分析江苏省接种甲型肝炎疫苗（HepA）发生疑似预防接种畀常反应（AEFI）的流行病学特征，评价HepA预防接种的安全性。方法通过AEFI信息管理系统和江苏省免疫规划信息系统，收集江苏省2008--2013年HepAAEFI报告数据和HepA接种数据，对相关指标进行描述性分析。结果江苏省2008--2013年共报告HepAAEFI2585例，其中冻干甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗（HepA—L）1068例，平均报告发生率310．0／100万剂；甲型肝炎灭活疫苗（HepA—I）1517例，平均报告发生率358．8／100万剂。HepA—LAEFI一般反应发生率为267．0／100万剂（920例），异常反应发生率为39．5／100万剂（136例）；HepA—IAEFI一般反应发生率为334．2／100万剂（1413例），异常反应发生率为24．1／100万剂（102例）。年龄分布上，HepA—LAEFI以1岁组为主，占83．1％；HepA—IAEFI以1岁组和2—3岁组为主，分别占57．7％和38．7％。HepA—L和HepA—IAEFI男女性别比均为1．4：l。HepA—L和HepA—IAEFI每个季节均有报告，春、夏季所占比例略高，分别为59．6％和61．6％。在不良反应的临床损害分布上一般反应的主要症状为发热、红肿、硬结，异常反应主要症状为过敏性皮疹。不良反应集中在接种后≤1d发生。结论HepA—L和HepA—I均具有较好的预防接种安全性，不良反应以发热、红肿、硬结和过敏性皮疹为主，发生时间主要集中在接种后≤1d。临床需关注HepA接种后急性过敏反应的发生信号。Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of adverse events following immunization （AEFI） of hepatitis A vaccine （HepA） in Jiangsu Province and to evaluate the safety of the inoculation of HepA. Methods The HepA AEFI data and HepA inoculation data of Jiangsu Province from 2008 to 2013 were collected through the AEFI information system and the Information System of the Expanded Programme on Immunization of Jiangsu Province. Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze relevant indicators. Results A total of 2 585 HepA AEFI cases were reported during the period, including 1 068 HepA -L AEFI cases and 1 517 HepA -I AEFI cases, and the annual average incidence was 310.0/106 and 358.8/106 respectively. For adverse events of HepA - L, the reporting rate of common adverse events was 267.0/106 （920）, the reporting rate of rare adverse events was 39. 5/106 （ 136 ）. For adverse events of HepA - I, the reporting rate of common adverse events was 334. 2/106 （ 1 413 ）, the reporting rate of rare adverse events was 24. 1/106 （102）. People aged 1 year old accounted for 83.1% among HepA - L AEFI cases; people aged 1 years old and 2 to 3 years old accounted for 57.7% and 38.7% respectively among HepA- I AEFI cases. The male -to -female ratio was 1.4：1 among both HepA -L and HepA -I AEFI cases. And both HepA - L and HepA - I AEFI cases were reported in each season, but the proportion was slightly higher in spring and summer, accounted for 59. 6% and 61.6% respectively. The main symptoms of common adverse events were fever, red and swelling and indurations; the main diagnoses of rare vaccine reactions were anaphylactic rashes. Most adverse events happened within ld after vaccination. Conclusion HepA - L and HepA - I have good immunization safety. Fever, red and swelling, indurations and anaphylactic rash are the predominant diagnosrs following immunization and most adverse events happen within 1 d after vaccination. However, the surveillance should still focus on the anaphylactoid reactions

关 键 词：甲型肝炎疫苗 大规模疫苗接种 疑似预防接种异常反应 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]