不同碳氮管理措施对春玉米农田土壤呼吸的影响  

Effects of different carbon and nitrogen managements on soil respiration of spring maize farmland

作　　者：王碧胜 武雪萍[1] 于维水 杨毅宇[1,2] 王相玲[1] 李景[1] 梁国鹏[1] 蔡典雄[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/耕地培育技术国家工程实验室,北京100081 [2]山西农业大学,山西太谷030801 [3]农业部旱作节水农业重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2015年第4期1-7,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2013AA102901);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203077)

摘　　要：基于山西省寿阳旱作试验区长期定位试验,以春玉米农田为研究对象,探讨了不同碳氮管理措施对春玉米农田土壤呼吸的影响及土壤呼吸与土壤温度的关系。结果表明：碳氮处理土壤呼吸高于无肥区,其中施用化肥105 kg·hm-2、秸秆3 000 kg·hm-2、有机肥3 000 kg·hm-2时,土壤呼吸速率最低,为2.24μmol·m-2·s-1,与无肥区差异不显著;施用化肥31 kg·hm-2、秸秆5 121 kg·hm-2、有机肥4 500 kg·hm-2时,土壤呼吸速率最高,达3.51μmol·m-2·s-1,高出无肥区72.0%。化肥、秸秆、牛粪编码值与土壤呼吸速率满足关系式y=2.2-0.1 x1＋0.2 x2-0.2 x1x3＋0.2 x12＋0.1 x22＋0.1 x32,当化肥、秸秆、牛粪用量分别为131、1 500、3 750 kg·hm-2时,土壤呼吸速率达到最小值2.075μmol·m-2·s-1,该施肥配方可为当地春玉米生产施肥管理提供参考依据。土壤呼吸与土壤温度间存在y=a Tb显著相关关系,可解释两者间变异的46.9%~81.2%,Q10变化范围为1.86~4.71。综上可知,合理的碳氮管理措施可有效控制CO2的排放,并影响土壤呼吸对土壤温度的敏感性。This research was conducted to explore the effects of C ＆ N management and the main environmental factor, namely soil temperature on soil respiration during spring maize growth period. The results showed that comparing with no fertilizer treatment, carbon and nitrogen managements improved soil respiration obviously, and the emission of CO2 （y） had been effec- tively controlled with the use of fertilizer （x1 ）, straw （x2 ） and manure （x3 ） reasonably. The soil respiration could be predicted by the ternary quadratic equation y = 2. 2 - 0. 1 x1 ＋ 0. 2 x2 - 0. 2x1x3 ＋ 0. 2 x1＋ 0. 1 x22 ＋ 0. 1 x2, when x1 = 0. 5, x2 = - 1, x3 =0. 5. It reached the minimum respiration rate value of 2. 075 μmol . m-2 . s-1, when the amount of fertilizer was 131 kg . ha-1, straw amount was 1 500 kg . ha-1, manure amount was 3 750 kg .ha-1. The relationship between soil respiration and soil temperature was explained by the equation y = aTb, the variability between soil temperature and soil respiration rate could be explained was 46. 9% - 81.2% ; the range of temperature-sensitive coefficient Q10 was 1.86 - 4. 71.

关 键 词：碳氮管理 土壤呼吸 土壤温度 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]