加工番茄氮肥用量与氮营养状况诊断研究  

Research on reasonable nitrogen fertilizer input and nitrogen nutrition diagnosis of tomato

作　　者：汤明尧[1,2] 张炎[1,3] 胡伟[1] 胡国智[1,3] 李青军[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区土壤肥料工作站,新疆乌鲁木齐830006 [3]农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2015年第4期82-87,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目(BFDP-Xinjiang-2007/2008);中国科学院科技支新工程项目

摘　　要：通过设置N0(不施氮)、N1(150 kg/hm2)、N2(300 kg/hm2)和N3(450 kg/hm2)4个氮水平的田间小区试验,利用反射仪法对加工番茄新功能叶的叶柄进行硝酸盐测定,并测定地上部分生物量与经济产量,研究叶柄硝酸盐浓度与产量、叶全氮量、植株全氮量、地上部分干物质量等的相关性,建立加工番茄叶柄硝酸盐诊断追肥模型。结果表明,优化施氮处理(N2)经济产量为95 259 kg/hm2,较不施氮处理(N0)增产50 812 kg/hm2,增收14 988元/hm2。各处理加工番茄叶柄硝酸盐浓度随生育期进展呈一致的变化趋势,且叶柄硝酸盐含量在一定范围内随施氮量的增加而增大。加工番茄不同生育时期叶柄硝酸盐浓度与产量均呈显著相关性。经过校检,加工番茄以盛果前期为氮营养诊断时期较为合理,其临界值为4 182 mg/L。同时,初步建立了植株硝酸盐诊断追肥模型。Field experiment with four levels of nitrogen i. e. NO （no nitrogen）, N1 （ 150 kg/hm2 ）, N2 （300 kg/hm2 ） and N3 （450 kg./hm2） were set to explore the relationship between nitrate content in leaf petiole and yield, total N content in leaf, total N content in plant and aboveground biomass. Nitrate of new features leaf petiole was measured using reflectometry method and aboveground biomass and economic yield were also measured. The restflt showed that the optimized nitrogen application （N2） economic output was 95 259 kg/hm2, which was 50 812 kg/hm2 and 14 988 Yuan/hm2 higher than non-fertilized treatment （N0） in yield and income. Petiole nitrate concentration in all the treatments had the same trends along with the growing process, and the petiole nitrate content among treatments was NO 〈 N1 〈 N2, which showed it increased with the increasing amount of nitrogen fertilizer in a certain range. After proof testing, the pre-full fruit period of tomato was the reasonable period for nutrient diagnosis, and the diagnostic threshold was 4 182 mg/L. Meanwhile a topdressing model based on petiole nitrate content was established.

关 键 词：加工番茄 氮肥 叶柄硝酸盐 追肥模型 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]