基于FIASCO技术的芝麻SSR标记及其遗传多样性分析  

Development of SSR Markers and Analysis on Genetic Diversity in Sesamum indicum L. Based on FIASCO

作　　者：陶菲[1] 童益琴 赵杰[1] 南皓 杨立春[1] 李江浩[1] 葛台明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)湿地演化与生态恢复湖北省重点实验室,武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2015年第11期2586-2593,共8页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40930210)

摘　　要：采用FIASCO法构建了芝麻（Sesamum indicum L.）GATA／AAAG／AAAC微卫星富集文库,阳性克隆率62%,其中58%为完美型SSR。利用30个芝麻材料对其中10个扩增稳定、多态性好的SSR位点进行了多样性分析,等位基因数介于4~7之间,平均6.2个;有效等位基因数介于2.18~5.13之间,平均3.73。25个育成品种（系）遗传相似系数平均为0.740 7,遗传距离平均为0.258 9;5个地方品种间的遗传相似系数平均为0.659 3,遗传距离平均值为0.312 8,说明地方品种多样性比育成品种（系）丰富。AMOVA分析表明,品种（系）间变异大于品种（系）内变异,地方品种种内变异大于育成品种（系）。聚类分析表明,一把白与所有育成品种（系）聚为同一类。研究还鉴定出一些遗传差异较大的材料。In this study, 100 clones were randomly selected from the library enriched for GATALAAAGLAAAC motifs using a modified FIASCO （Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences Containing repeats） protocol and sequenced in sesame （Sesamum indicum L.）. Sixty-two microsatellite loci, of which 58% were pure repeats, were isolated. 10 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers were obtained, and their polymorphism were assessed among 30 cuhivars with 30 individuals per cuhivar. The average number of alleles for these loci was 6.2 （range 4-7）. The effective number of alleles ranged from 2.18 to 5.13 with an average of 3.73. The expected heterozygosity was higher than the observed heterozygosity indicating the inbreeding effect due to breeding. These markers were also used to assess the genetic variation of 30 sesame cultivars. The results showed that the average genetic similarity coefficient and the average genetic distance of 25 breeding varieties were 0.7407 and 0.2589 respectively, and the average genetic similarity coefficient and the average genetic distance of 5 landraces were 0.6593 and 0.3128 respectively demonstrating that the genetic diversity of landraces was higher than that of breeding varieties. AMOVA analysis indicated that most genetic variation existed among varieties （strains） （P〈O.001）. The results also implied that the genetic base of breeding varieties was narrower that that of landraees. Clustering analysis indicated that all 30 sesame varieties （strains） were classified into 2 groups. What＇s more, landrace Yibabai and all breeding varieties （strains） were clustered into 1 group showing that all the tested breeding varieties （strains） had very close genetic relationship. Some varieties with wide genetic variation were identified.

关 键 词：芝麻(Sesamum indicum L.) SSR标记 FIASCO 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S565.3[农业科学—作物学] Q789[生物学—分子生物学]