Ca/SBA-15固体碱催化剂的合成、表征及其催化餐饮废油制备生物柴油的研究  

Synthesis and Characterization of Ca/SBA-15 Solid Base Catalyst and Its Application in Biodiesel Production via Waste Cooking Oil

作　　者：侯谦奋 张前前[1] 郭华荣[2] 李苓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学生命科学学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《化学与生物工程》2015年第8期28-34,共7页Chemistry & Bioengineering

基　　金：山东省科技攻关项目(2011GGX10401)

摘　　要：采用溶胶凝胶法,以正硅酸四乙酯为硅源、乙酸钙为钙源、P123为模板剂,经一步焙烧制备了Ca/SBA-15固体碱催化剂,通过XRD、FTIR、TEM以及N2吸附-脱附等方法对催化剂的相关理化性质进行了表征,并用于催化纯化后的餐饮废油与甲醇的酯交换反应制备生物柴油。结果表明:在钙硅物质的量比为0.2、焙烧温度为700℃的条件下制备的0.2Ca/SBA-15-700固体碱催化剂具有最佳的催化效果;0.2Ca/SBA-15-700固体碱催化剂能够很好保持SBA-15原有的二维六方相有序介孔结构,BET比表面积为406.7m2·g-1;在醇油物质的量比为12、催化剂用量为5%、氮气气氛中65℃反应7h制得的生物柴油产率达到94.7%;催化剂经洗涤和干燥,无需活化可继续使用,连续使用5次后,催化活性有所下降,但生物柴油产率仍保持在86%以上。Ca/SBA-15 Solid base catalyst was prepared by sol-gel method,using tetraethyl orthosilicate as silicon source,calcium acetate as calcium source and P123 as template agent. The related physicochemical prop- erties of the catalyst were characterized by XRD,FTIR,TEM and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. Then it was used in the transesterification reaction of waste cooking oil and methonal to produce biodiesel. Results showed that,catalyst 0.2Ca/SBA-15-700 with Ca/Si molar ratio of 0.2, calcined at 700 ℃ exhibited the best catalytic activity, which could well maintain the original two-dimensional hexagonal order mesoporous structure and had a BET specific surface area of 406.7 m2 · g-1. The yield of biodiesel could reach 94.7% under the optimum conditions of methanol/oil molar ratio of 12,catalyst dosage of 5% ,reaction temperature of 65 ℃ and re- action time of 7 h in Ne atmosphere. After being washed and dried,the catalyst could be directly reutilized in the next circle without reactivation. After the fifth circle,the catalytic activity decreased but the yield of biodiesel was still above 86%.

关 键 词：溶胶凝胶法 Ca/SBA-15固体碱 生物柴油 餐饮废油 

分 类 号：O614.33[理学—无机化学] TQ032.41[理学—化学]