珠江源区南、北盘江丰水期水化学组成特征及来源分析  

Chractristic and soursce analysis of major ions in Nanpanjiang and Beipanjiang at the upper Pearl River during the wet season

作　　者：吴起鑫[1,2] 韩贵琳[3] 李富山[2] 唐杨[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学喀斯特环境与地质灾害防治教育部重点实验室,贵阳550003 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002 [3]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院地下水循环与环境演化教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《环境化学》2015年第7期1289-1296,共8页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41325010);国家重大基础项目(2013CB956703);博士后基金(2652013055)资助

摘　　要：为了解珠江上游高侵蚀地区流域水环境现状,于2014年7月采集了珠江源区的北盘江和南盘江河水样品进行分析.结果表明,南、北盘江丰水期河水p H值在7.4—8.4之间,为弱碱性;TDS平均含量为307 mg·L-1,高于珠江、长江干流.Ca2+和Mg2+是主要的阳离子,含量分别为61.64、10.98 mg·L-1,HCO-3是最主要的阴离子,含量范围在71.86—222.89 mg·L-1之间.离子组成分析和相关性分析表明,研究区河水离子主要受碳酸盐岩风化控制,存在部分玄武岩、砂岩的影响,硫酸参与了流域碳酸盐岩的风化,农业活动也有部分贡献.SO2-4和NO-3相关性分析表明,北盘江SO2-4和NO-3应该主要来源于煤炭及煤炭工业,而南盘江则受到更强烈的城镇和化工废水的影响.Cl-/Na+与SO2-4/Na+、NO-3/Na+相关性表明,Cl-与NO-3有共同的来源,受农业活动影响明显.南盘江流域管理要侧重城镇工业废水、农业面源污染治理,而北盘江流域除了城镇、工业废水外,还需要特别加强对流域内煤炭企业的的监管.Nanpanjiang and Beipanjiang water samples were collected and analyzed to understand the aquatic environment of the serious erosion area at upper Pear River. The result indicated that, pH of Nanpanjiang and Beipanjiang varied from 7.4 to 8.4, which was slightly alkaline. The average TDS value was 307 mg·L^-1 , higher than those in main streams of Pear River and Changjiang River. Ca2＋ and Mg2~were the main cations, with concentrations of 61.64 mg·L^-1 and 10.98 mg·L^-1 respectively. HCO3 was the major anion, with the concentration varing between 71.86 mg·L-1 and 222.89 mg·L^-1. Furthermore, ion composition and ion ratio analysis suggested that the ions in the rivers were impacted mainly by chemical weathering of carbonate rock and partially by the weathering of basalt and sandstone. It also demonstrated that sulfuric acid and agricultural activities participated in the carbonate rock weathering. SO4^2- and NO3^- correlation analysis showed that, these anions in Beipanjiang mainly stemmed from coal-bearing stratum and coal industry, while those in Nanpanjiang derived primarily from urban and industrial sewage. Cl^-/Na^＋, SO4^2-/Na^＋ and NO3^-/Na^＋ correlation analysis illustrated that C1^- and NO3^- shared the same source, i.e., agricultural activities.It was thus suggested that, at Nanpanjiang watershed the focus of pollution control should be urban and industrial sewage and agricultural non-point source pollution, while urban and industrial sewage control and coal industry supervision should be emphasized for Beipanjiang catchment.

关 键 词：水化学 化学风化 人为影响 南盘江 北盘江. 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]