微生物固化曝气技术对养殖废水的深度处理  

Advanced treatment of swine wastewater by the immobilized-microorganism and aeration technology

作　　者：庄榆佳 高阳俊 邓玉君[3] 张娴[3] 耿春女[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术学院,生态技术与工程学院,上海201418 [2]上海市环境科学研究院,水环境研究所,上海200233 [3]中国科学院城市环境研究所,厦门361021

出　　处：《环境化学》2015年第7期1356-1362,共7页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：福建省科技重大项目(2013Y3003);上海应用技术学院引进人才科研启动项目(10120K156001-YJ2015-1)资助

摘　　要：以微生物固化曝气技术为核心的污水处理系统为研究对象,研究养猪废水中的COD、N、P、总有机碳及抗生素(土霉素、四环素、金霉素、强力霉素、罗红霉素、阿奇霉素、氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星和环丙沙星)在不同处理单元的动态变化.结果表明,微生物固化曝气技术能有效去除常规污染物,除TP外,COD和NH+4-N的出水浓度均能达到《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》(GB 18596—2001);该技术对抗生素的去除效果依抗生素的种类而变,对4种四环素类抗生素-的去除率高达85%以上;对大环内酯类中的阿奇霉素的去除率为62.8%;对大环内酯类中的罗红霉素和氟喹诺酮类抗生素则基本无效.微生物固化曝气技术能有效去除总有机碳、COD、NH+4-N和四环素类抗生素,对TP和其它抗生素类,需要进一步优化处理系统的运行条件,或改善固化微生物的组成,以提高这类污染物的处理效果.Removal of pollutants, especially antibiotics in swine wastewater, is the key to control non-point pollution in rural area. In the present paper, the distribution of chemical oxygen demand （ COD ）, nitrogen （ N ）, total phosphorus （ TP ）, total organic carbon （ TOC ） and antibiotics （ including four tetracyclines, two macrolides and three fluoroquinolones） in each treatment unit of a sewage disposal system with immobilized microorganism and aeration technology was investigated. The results indicated that the treatment removed effectively conventional pollutants, and the effluent concentrations of COD and NH4-N reached the discharge standards of livestock industries （GB 18596--2001 ）, but not for TP. The removal rate of antibiotics depended on the type of antibiotics. The removal rate of four tetracycline antibiotics was more than 85%, and the removal rate of azithromycin in macrolide was 62.8%. There was no effect on roxithromycinin macrolide and fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Therefore further research is necessary to optimize the systematic operation condition or modify the composite of immobilized microorganism to improve the removal efficiency of TP, and other antibiotics.

关 键 词：养猪废水 微生物固化 常规污染物 抗生素. 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]