膜分离技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用  

Application of membrane separation in landfill leachate treatment

作　　者：罗丹[1] 晏云鹏[1] 全学军[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学化学化工学院,重庆400054

出　　处：《化工进展》2015年第8期3133-3141,共9页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

摘　　要：垃圾渗滤液是一种重污染的有毒有机废水,对生态环境造成了严重的威胁。本文综述了垃圾渗滤液现有的膜处理技术,与传统处理工艺相比,膜技术具有低能高效等优点,是未来渗滤液处理技术的重要发展方向。由于垃圾渗滤液组成的复杂性,根据不同处理目的,微滤膜(MF)、超滤膜(UF)、纳滤膜(NF)和反渗透膜(RO)4种膜在垃圾渗滤液处理中都得到了一定的应用。总结发现,其中MF和UF对渗滤液的处理效果较差,一般作为渗滤液的预处理技术;NF和RO对渗滤液的处理效果较好,主要作为其深度处理技术。然而,膜污染阻碍了膜技术在渗滤液处理方面的发展与应用,为此可通过研究开发新型膜材料、有效的预处理技术和膜分离工艺优化等方面来防止膜污染的发生,以便膜技术在渗滤液及其他水处理方面得到更加广泛的应用。This paper reviewed the present membrane technologies in landfill leachate treatment. Compared with conventional treatment technologies, membrane separation technologies have the advantage of low-energy and high efficiency. Aiming at different treatment purposes, four membranes, including microfiltration （MF）, ultrafiltration （UF）, nanofiltration （NF） and reverse osmosis （RO） have been applied in complex landfill leachate treatment. MF and UF are used as pretreatment methods, whereas NF and RO are suitable for the deep treatment of the wastewater. However, membrane fouling is a great inhibition of the application of membrane technologies. Development of new membrane materials, effective pre-treatment technologies, and optimization of membrane process parameters should be the focus of membrane technologies to prevent membrane fouling.

关 键 词：废水 膜 纳滤 膜污染 污染防止 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程]