421名新兵的心理健康水平与应付方式  

The Mental Health Status and Coping Styles of 421 Recruits

作　　者：化振[1] 独宁鸽 杨来启[1] 刘光雄[1] 吴兴曲[1] 马文涛[1] 邓自和[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军第三医院精神科 [2]中国人民解放军第三医院呼吸科

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2015年第9期1338-1341,共4页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的:量化评估某部新兵心理健康状况与应付方式。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、应付方式问卷对2013年首次夏秋季入伍的421名新兵进行团体测定。结果:1与地方常模比较,新兵在症状自评量表(SCL-90)躯体、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性因子上显著增高(t=6.311,5,265,2.526,5.514,4.101,5.757;P<0.05);与新兵常模比较,新兵在SCL-90躯体因子上显著增高(t=2.241,P<0.05),在人际关系、偏执、精神病性因子上显著降低(t=-3.017,-4,630,-2,451;P<0.05);与军人常模比较,新兵在SCL-90躯体、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性、总分因子上显著增高(t=6.601,7.100,5.414,5.042,6.695,3.215,3.384,4.585,5.264;P<0.05);2新兵在应付方式解决问题、求助因子上显著高于军人常模(t=42.972,8.122;P<0.05),而自责、幻想、退避、合理化因子显著降低(t=-27.736,-17.066,-11.180,-21.248;P<0.05);3新兵SCL-90总分及各因子与解决问题、求助因子呈负相关(P<0.05),与自责、幻想、退避、合理化因子呈正相关(P<0.05);4对心理健康影响大小依次是自责、幻想、解决问题、合理化。结论:新兵心理健康水平总体较好,应对方式成熟,但存在一些心身上的不良反应,有必要针对性的加强心理引导及重视新兵成熟型应付方式的培养。Objective： To quantitatively assess the mental health and coping styles in recruits. Methods： Self check list（ SCL- 90） and Coping style Questionnaire were used to test the mental state in 421 recruits for the first time to recruit between summer and autumn in 2013. Results：①Compared with the civilian＇s norm,recruits had higher scores of somatization,obsessive- compulsive,depression,anxiety,phobic anxiety and psychotic in SCL- 90（ t = 6. 311,5. 265,2. 526,5. 514,4. 101,5. 757; P〈0. 05）;Compared with the new recruits norm,recruits had higher scores of somatization（ t = 2. 241,P〈0. 05）,and lower scores of interpersonal sensitivity,paranoid,psychotic in SCL- 90（ t =- 3. 017,-4. 630,-2. 451; P〈0. 05）; Compared with the military norm,recruits had higher scores of somatization,obsessive- compulsive,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,phobic anxiety,psychotic,total score of SCL- 90（ t = 6. 601,7. 100,5. 414,5. 042,6. 695,3. 215,3. 384,4. 585,5. 264; P〈0. 05. ② Compared with the military norm,recruits had higher scores of solving problem and seeking for help（ t =42. 972,8. 122; P〈0. 05）,and lower scores of self- blame,fantasy,avoidance,and rationalization in coping styles questionnaire（ t =-27. 736,-17. 066,-11. 180,-21. 248; P〈0. 05）. ③The scores of problem- solving,resorting of coping styles questionnaire and total and factor scores of SCL- 90 showed negative correlation,the scores of self- blaming,fantasy,avoidance and rationalization of coping styles questionnaire and total and factor scores of SCL- 90 showed positive correlation（ P〈0. 05）. ④Self- blame,solving problem,fantasy,and rationalization in decreasing order were the factors affecting the total score of SCL- 90. Conclusion： The mental health of recruits in this study is normal and coping styles of recruits are mature,but there are some negative syndromes in SCL- 90,psychological guidance should be targeted to strengthen and train recruits mature coping styles in recruits.

关 键 词：新兵 心理健康 应付方式 症状自评量表 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]