斑秃患者疾病认知状况的初步研究  

A preliminary study on the status of alopecia areata patients' illness perceptions

作　　者：余南岚[1] 谭欢[1] 杨希川[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学附属西南医院皮肤科,重庆400038

出　　处：《实用皮肤病学杂志》2015年第4期245-248,252,共5页Journal of Practical Dermatology

摘　　要：目的调查斑秃患者的疾病认知因素,探讨各因子的负性认知强度,并分析影响斑秃患者疾病认知的相关因素。方法以疾病认知问卷(the brief illness perception questionnaire,BIPQ)方式,对2013年10月—2014年10月在我院皮肤科门诊首次确诊的130例斑秃患者进行调查分析。结果 130例患者平均年龄为(31.82±10.28)岁,男性占42%,女性占58%,BIPQ总评分值为(40.15±9.12)分。其中评分较高的是疾病关切度(8.42±2.20)分、疾病严重后果(5.72±2.88)分和情绪反馈(5.68±2.85)分,而评分较低的是药物控制(3.35±2.63)分和疾病同一性(3.09±2.36)分。经统计学分析,年龄、婚姻、文化程度、家族史、工作性质、病程、脱发面积、拉发试验、复发、斑秃类型BIPQ评分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);性别BIPQ评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论女性斑秃患者比男性有更强的负性疾病认知,同时斑秃患者对待不同的认知因子,其信念也不同,临床上应重视这部分负性认知较高的患者及因子,针对性地开展多元化的健康教育,建立科学的疾病认知,积极的心理反应和应对方式,促进疾病康复。Objective To investigate the cognitive degree about the disease in patients with alopecia areata and to analyze the related factors of illness perceptions about alopecia areata. Methods Choose the first diagnosed patients with alopecia areata to complete the brief illness perception questionnaire （BIPQ） at the department of dermatology clinic of Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, from October 2013 to October 2014. Results The patients’ average age： 31.82±10.28; male/female ratio： 0.71; the overall BIPQ score： 40.15±9.12. The highest item-related scores were found for concern （8.42±2.20）, consequences （ 5.72±2.88） and emotional response （5.68±2.85）, and the lowest for treatment control （3.35±2.63） and identity （3.09±2.36 ）. The difference of BIPQ is relevant to sex. Other factors such as age, marriage, education, family history, job category and duration and so on, make no difference. Conclusions The BIPQ reveals gender difference in alopecia areata. Doctors should pay more attention to the cognition about the disease in patients with alopecia areata, correct patients’ excessive perceptions of their illness and heavier mental stress, establish scientiifc perception of disease, so as to promote disease recovery.

关 键 词：斑秃 疾病认知 问卷 

分 类 号：R758.71[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]