民国法律与佃俗中欠租与撤佃关系之辩  

On the Relationship between the Arrears of Rent and the Terminating Land-Tenancy by Landlords in Laws and LandTenancy Customs in the Period of the Republic of China

作　　者：陈和平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学法学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《中国农史》2015年第4期85-98,共14页Agricultural History of China

摘　　要：土地租佃是佃农生存之本,也是地主获得土地资产性收益的重要方式。欠租撤佃这项租佃习俗大量见诸民国佃约,并受到了民国民法和土地法的充分肯定。欠租是否必然导致地主撤佃、撤佃后可否追租、欠租是否可以撤永佃、不欠租时地主可否撤佃等等,在民国法律、地方佃俗和租佃实践中差异甚大,体现出了在地主撤佃权之规范上国法的审慎和佃俗的宽容。呈现在欠租与撤佃关系复杂性之背后的是业佃间的利益博弈以及业佃双方的理性和无奈。Land-tenancy was the fundamental means to survive for tenants and an important way to obtain property gains of land for landlords also. As a land-tenancy customs seen widely in the contracts of land-tenancy, terminating land-tenancy by landlords for the arrears of rent was fully affirmed by the civil law and the land law of the Republic of China. If the arrears of rent led to the terminating land-tenancy by landlords inevitably, if the landlords could ask for the rent after terminating land-tenancy, if landlords could terminate emphyteusis because of the arrears of rent and if landlords could terminate land-tenancy on the condition that tenants did not owe to them, and so on, was different greatly in the laws, the local land-tenancy customs and practice in the period of the Republic of China, which emodied the prudence of laws and the tolerance of land-tenancy customs on regulating the landlords＇ right of terminating land-tenancy. The game of interests between landlords and tenants and rationality and helplessness on both side of landlords and tenants is what could be seen behind complex relationship between the arrears of rent and the terminating land-tenancy by landlords.

关 键 词：民国法律 租佃习俗 欠租 撤佃 永佃权 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]