“滚雪球”培训方式在少数民族地区公众现场救护能力建设中的应用  

Discussing the application of snowball training on the public's ability of first-aid in minority areas

作　　者：江智霞[1] 李玉[1] 胡汝均[1] 郑喜兰[2] 周静[1] 苏小林[2] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属医院护理部,贵州遵义563000 [2]遵义医学院护理学院

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2015年第8期619-622,共4页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：贵州省哲学社会科学规划招标课题"贵州省民族地区灾害现场救护能力建设研究"(编号:11GZYB42);贵州省科技厅软科学项目"多元化途径提升青少年紧急避险自救互救能力实证研究-以贵州省为例"(黔科合体字[2013]2039号)

摘　　要：目的:构建符合少数民族地区客观条件的"滚雪球"培训方式,应用并探讨其可行性。方法:应用以小班化教学为特征,以学习金字塔、微格教学、艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线为理论依据,以少数民族地区医学生为传播媒介的"滚雪球"培训方式对400名少数民族地区公众实施培训,采用自身前后对照的类试验性研究方法,对培训前后现场救护知信行得分进行对比分析。结果贵州省少数民族地区公众现场救护受训率为18.70%;培训后公众现场救护知、信、行得分高于培训前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中知识提升幅度最大;培训人员对"滚雪球"培训方式的满意度打分均大于4.5分(总分5分)。结论:贵州省少数民族地区公众现场救护受训率低,"滚雪球"培训方式效果明显,培训人员满意度高,综合评价该方式具有较强的可行性,建议进一步推广使用。Objective To construct snowball training method in accordance with the objective condition of the minority areas, and explore the feasibility. Methods 400 cases of people in the minority areas were trained with snowball training method, which based on the theory of microteaching and Ebbinghaus forgetting curve. And the people＇s scores of knowledge, attitude and practice of first-aid before and after training were comparatively analyzed. Results The training rate of first-aid of residents in the minority areas of Guizhou was 18.70%. After training,the score of knowledge,attitude and practice of first-aid significantly increased （p 〈 0. 05）, especially the knowledge. The trainees＇ satisfaction scored over 4.5 （ the total score was 5 ）. Conclusion The training rate of first-aid of residents in the minority areas of Guizhou was lower. The snowball training method was effective and satisfied, which can be suggested to further popularized.

关 键 词：滚雪球 少数民族地区 现场救护 公众 培训 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]