Zr(NO_3)_4+HNO_3+H_2O三元体系热力学研究  

Thermodynamic analysis of Zr( NO_3)_4+ HNO_3+ H_2O ternary system

作　　者：李杰[1] 慈志尧 张信伟[1] 张舒东 孙晓丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司抚顺石油化工研究院,辽宁抚顺113001 [2]辽宁石油化工大学化学化工与环境学部,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《化学工程》2015年第8期44-49,共6页Chemical Engineering(China)

摘　　要：为了获得含锆体系浸渍液配制和工艺优化的重要基础数据,在HNO3+H2O二元溶剂中,在298—340 K下测定了Zr(NO3)4溶解度随溶剂组成和温度的变化关系。用Apelblat简化经验方程和CNIBS/Redlich-Kister方程对溶解度数据进行关联,并估算该三元体系的热力学函数。通过对Zr(NO3)4溶解度数据和热力学函数分析,发现Zr(NO3)4溶解度影响因素主要有溶剂效应和温度效应2个方面。同离子效应可用于解释Zr(NO3)4在二元体系中溶解度的变化趋势,即:溶解度随溶剂中硝酸根含量的增加而降低。根据Van't Hoff方程计算的溶解焓ΔH>0,说明溶解过程是吸热过程。根据熵焓补偿分析可以得出ΔH是三元体系溶解过程的主要推动力。For the purpose of preparation of impregnation solution and process optimization, the solubility of Zr（NO3）4 in HNO3 ＋ H2O binary solvents was measured at 298-340 K. The solubility data were correlated by simplified Apelblat empirical equation and CNIBS/Redlich-Kister equation. According to the Apelblat empirical equation, the thermodynamic functions of ternary system were estimated. Based on the analysis of solubility data and thermodynamic function, the thermodynamics controlling factors of the dissolution process were studied. The influencing factors of solubility mainly include solvent effect and temperature. The common ion effect can be used to explain the variation trend of solubility of Zr（ NO3 ） 4 in the binary system, that is, the solubility decreases with the increasing of content of NO3- in the binary solvent. According to Van＇t Hoff equation, the dissolution enthalpy AH is larger than zero, indicating that the dissolution process is an endothermic process. The enthalpy entropy compensation analysis shows that AH is the main driving force for the dissolution process of ternary system.

关 键 词：Zr(NO3)4 焓 熵 溶解度 热力学 

分 类 号：O642[理学—物理化学]