献血人群人巨细胞病毒检验筛查策略的建立  

Establishing a blood screening strategy for human cytomegalovirus in blood bank

作　　者：汪德海[1] 高楠[1] 于磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市红十字血液中心检验科,100088

出　　处：《北京医学》2015年第8期801-803,共3页Beijing Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的 建立适合北京地区采供血机构的人巨细胞病毒（human cytomegalovirus,HCMV）血液筛查策略。方法 随机抽取2 518份国家强制性血液筛查项目均合格的无偿献血者血液标本,进行HCMV-Ig G抗体检测。检测结果按照性别、年龄、职业进行分类统计。根据统计分析结果,结合采供血机构自身特点,建立献血者HCMV血液筛查策略。结果 2 518份标本HCMV-Ig G总体阴性率为10.7%;男性11.8%,女性7.9%;18～25岁13.5%,26～30岁8.7%,31～35岁5.6%,随着年龄的增长HCMV-Ig G抗体阴性率逐渐降低;学生15.9%,公务员13.0%,军人11.1%,职员10.8%,其他普通市民9.9%,服务工作者9.4%,医务人员8.8%,农民8.7%,工人7.8%。北京地区献血者HCMV抗体筛查策略包括：优先选择18～35岁的男性合格献血者为筛查对象,采用ELISA方法为HCMV抗体常规筛查方法。结论针对HCMV感染率较低的目标人群实施HCMV-Ig G抗体筛查能有效提高采供血机构的成本效益。通过订制方式为临床提供HCMV抗体阴性的血液,符合采供血机构的特点和临床用血的预期需求。Objective To establish a human cytomegalovirus（HCMV） screening strategy suitable for the blood banks in Beijing area.Methods HCMV antibody screening was performed in the qualified voluntary blood donors in Beijing to identify a group that had low prevalence in HCMV.Results Random samples from 2 518 qualified voluntary blood donors were tested for HCMV- Ig G antibody screening,the average negative rate was 10.7%,in which male was11.8% and female was 7.9%.When age was compared in negative rate of HCMV-Ig G antibody,group of 18～25 years old had higher rate as 13.5%,group of 31～35 years old had lower rate as 5.6%.The students had highest negative rate as15.9% and the workers had lowest rate as 7.8%.Conclusion We have established a HCMV screening strategy suitable for the blood banks in Beijing to maximize the cost-effectiveness.

关 键 词：人巨细胞病毒 安全输血 血液筛查 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]