地下水开采诱发地面沉降研究及其工程应用:以山东德州地区为例  

Study on Land Subsidence Induced by Groundwater Extraction and Its Engineering Application:Taking Dezhou Area of Shandong as an Example

作　　者：贾超[1] 张国荣[1] 王嘉斌[1] 张永伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学土建与水利学院,山东济南250061

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2015年第4期102-110,共9页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41272325)

摘　　要：地下水开采诱发的不良环境及地质问题日益凸显,其中地面沉降致灾问题已广受关注。华北平原山东区是若干地面沉降显著区之一,地下水开采是其主要诱发因素。针对地面沉降问题,以华北平原德州区为典型工程背景,采用水文地质工程地质与岩土力学相结合的方法,通过现场及室内试验,在获得研究区岩土力学参数的基础上,建立流固耦合数值模型,对研究区地面沉降的历史进行重演,对地面沉降的发展趋势进行预测。在获得研究区流场及地面沉降基本规律的基础上,提出减少地下水开采量、定期回灌地下水、调整开采井开采层位及开采井平面布局等工程措施进行地面沉降控制,并采用建立的数值模型从定量分析角度评价这些措施的效果。Adverse environmental and geological issues induced by groundwater exploitation become increasingly prominent,and the disaster induced by land subsidence has attracted great attention.Shandong area in North China Plain is one of the significant land subsidence zones,and groundwater exploitation is the main inducing factor.Aiming at land subsidence,Dezhou area in North China Plain was taken as typical engineering background;hydrogeology, engineering geology and rock and soil mechanics were combined;through field and laboratory tests,the parameters of rock and soil mechanics in the study area were obtained,the fluid-solid coupling numerical model was built, and the process of land subsidence was reproduced, and the development tendency of land subsidence was forecasted.According to the basic rules of flow field and land subsidence, some engineering geological measures including decreasing groundwater exploitation, recharging groundwater periodically and adj usting the exploited horizon and plane layout of extraction wells were put forward.The effects of the measures were quantitatively evaluated by the numerical model built.

关 键 词：地下水 地面沉降 流固耦合 水文地质 工程地质 岩土力学 华北平原 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P642.26[天文地球—地质学]