两种有害藻对轮虫繁殖和中华绒螯蟹溞状幼体变态率的影响  

Effects of two harmful species algae on reproduction of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and metamorphosis of zoea of Chinese mitten handed crab Eriocheir sinensis

作　　者：杨霞[1] 孙娜 李永函[1] 李晓东 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]盘锦光合蟹业有限公司,辽宁盘锦124200

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2015年第4期351-356,共6页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2012AA10A409

摘　　要：为了探索池塘赤潮的有效防控措施,在温度为22~25℃的室内条件下,研究了两种有害藻类（异冒藻Heterocapsa sp.、裸甲藻Gymnodinium sp.）对轮虫和中华绒螯蟹Eriocheir sinensis各发育期溞状幼体的毒性,并将中华绒螯蟹溞状幼体放入不同密度的有害藻中,观察有害藻对溞状幼体各个时期变态的影响。结果表明：当裸甲藻密度为2.000×105cells/m L时,Ⅰ、Ⅱ期溞状幼体的变态率仅有13.33%,裸甲藻对溞状幼体后期发育毒性不显著;在同样密度的异冒藻藻液中,Ⅰ期溞状幼体的变态率为11.67%;在两种藻对褶皱臂尾轮虫Brachionus plicatilis的影响以及不同密度轮虫对有害藻摄食效果的试验中,两种藻密度为1.728×105cells/m L时,轮虫96 h内几乎不繁殖,当藻液密度为0.288×105cells/m L时,异冒藻和裸甲藻液中的轮虫数量在96 h后分别增加到原来的5倍和8倍。研究表明,两种有害藻能够严重影响中华绒螯蟹溞状幼体早期的存活和发育,其饵料生物轮虫在较高密度情况下可以通过摄食的方式控制有害藻的数量。The toxicity and effects of two harmful species algae Heterocapsa sp. and Gymnodinium sp. on reproduc- tion of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and metamorphosis of zoea were studied in Chinese mitten handed crab Eriocheir sinensis at various developmental periods of the zoea at water temperature of 22-25℃. The results showed that there was metamorphosis rate of 13.33% in the zoea I and zoea 11 at Gymnodinium sp. density of 2. 000×10^15 cells/mL, without significant toxicity of Gymnodinium sp. to zoea 111 afterwards. The zoea I had metamorphosis rate of 11.67% at Heterocapsa sp. density of 2. 000×10^5 cells/mL. No eggs were observed in the rotifer cultured at the two alga density of 1. 728×10^15 cells/mL within 96 hours. At the two alga density of 0.288×10^15 cells/mL, however, there were as high 5 times and 8 times as the initial number of the rotifer within 96 hours. The findings indicated that the two algae impacted on survival and development of early zoea of Chinese mitten handed crab, and that high- er density rotifers controlled the growth of harmful algae by feeding.

关 键 词：褶皱臂尾轮虫 中华绒螯蟹幼体 异冒藻 裸甲藻 

分 类 号：S968[农业科学—水产养殖]