微生物降解原油的操作条件优化研究  

Study on optimization of operation conditions of crude oil degradation by microorganisms

作　　者：田伟[1] 朱米家[1] 刘瑞平[1] 武笑影[1] 陈辉伦[1] 姚俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院国家环境与能源国际联合基地,北京100083

出　　处：《应用化工》2015年第8期1391-1395,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41273092);国家科技重大专项(2010DFB23160)

摘　　要：研究将油田中的微生物产出水接种于100 m L以原油为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基,30℃、160 r/min下振荡培养10 d,考察盐度、接种量、p H值对微生物降解原油的影响。基于单因素实验确定的优化范围,即盐度0.5%~2%,接种量5%~9%,p H为7~9,进行3因素3水平实验,通过响应面分析法得出的最优条件为：盐度0.83%,接种量6.16%,p H为7.84。在最优条件下,微生物对原油10 d的降解率可以达到45.24%,较预测值提高了0.59%;并对降解后的原油进行GC-MS分析,发现在实验时间内微生物对原油中的正构烷烃和多环芳烃组分有较高的去除效率。Microorganisms from oilfield production water were inoculated into 100 mL mineral salt medium using oil as the only carbon source,then incubated at 30 ℃ ,160 r/rain for 10 d. The effects of salinity, inoeulum concentration and pH on biodegradation of oil was investigated. Based on the optimized range determined by single factor experiments, i. e. salinity 0.5% - 2%, inoculum concentration 5% - 9%, pH 7 - 9, a three-factorial, three-level experimental design was conducted, the optimum conditions obtained by response surface analysis were：salinity Under optimal conditions, the degradation rate of 0.83% ,pH 7.84 and inoculum concentration 6.16%. oil by microorganisms could reach 45.24% ,which has a 0.59% increase compared with predicted value. Through GC-MS analysis of oil before and after biodegradation under optimal conditions, relative high removal efficiency of n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic components in crude oil was observed in 10 d experimental period.

关 键 词：油田产出水 混合菌 原油降解 响应面法 GC-MS 

分 类 号：TQ033[化学工程] X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]