正渗透膜污染及其清洗研究进展综述  

Overview of Research Progress in Membrane Fouling and Cleaning for Forward Osmosis Membrane

作　　者：刘帅[1] 谢朝新[1,2] 周宁玉[1,2] 王毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]后勤工程学院国防建筑规划与环境工程系,重庆401311 [2]重庆市水工业与环境工程技术研究中心,重庆401311

出　　处：《净水技术》2015年第4期23-30,共8页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：重庆市重大科技攻关项目资助(编号:cstc2012ggsfgc00002);2013年重庆高校创新团队建设计划资助项目(编号:KJTD201340)

摘　　要：正向渗透技术是一种能耗低、水回收率高、污染物截留能力强的新型膜分离技术。但是正向渗透过程中存在的膜污染问题会限制其进一步应用。该文归纳了正向渗透膜污染的分类,包括有机污染、无机盐类结晶污染、胶体颗粒污染、微生物污染及这四种膜污染形成的原因。介绍了正渗透膜污染的主要影响因素,包括溶液组成、膜材质、水力条件、环境条件等。简介了正向渗透膜污染的清洗方法,包括错流清洗和回流清洗;最后对该领域未来的研究方向做了一些展望。Forward osmosis （FO） is an emerging membrane technology that has many advantages in terms of low energy consumption, high water recovery and high rejection of contaminants. However, membrane pollution of FO can limit FO＇s further application. The classification of FO membrane fouling such as fouling, gypsum scaling, colloidal fouling, biofouling as well as the forming reason of the four membrane fouling were concluded; main influencing factors of FO membrane fouling such as solution composition, membrane material, hydraulic conditions and environmental conditions were introduced; two methods of cleaning FO membrane fouling including cross-flow cleaning and backwash cleaning were summarized. At last, the research direction of FO membrane fouling was raised.

关 键 词：正向渗透 膜污染 膜清洗 影响因素 研究进展 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]