互联网宏观拓扑结构的扁平演化趋势研究  

Research on the Evolutionary Trend of Flattened Internet Topology

作　　者：刘晓[1] 赵海[1] 王进法[1] 王硕[1] 贾思媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学信息科学与工程学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《小型微型计算机系统》2015年第9期2021-2025,共5页Journal of Chinese Computer Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(60973022)资助;国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAH82F04)资助

摘　　要：互联网应用层涌现出越来越显著的扁平化现象,明确这种扁平化趋势是否也存在于互联网内部宏观拓扑中对从上层开发利用互联网,以及再设计互联网具有重要意义.本文择取CAIDA机构IPv4、IPv6及AS级网络拓扑数据,对表征网络拓扑扁平化的特征量进行计算并对其时序演化平行对比,结果显示随着网络规模的扩大,网络幂指数逐渐升高,并趋于稳定在2-3之间,表明网络在变得均匀,却远不是均匀网络,网络中“HUB”节点有所减少;平均聚集系数也呈上升趋势,单个节点聚集系数的标准差逐渐减小,表明网络连接更加紧密,且各节点紧密程度差距减小;标准网络结构熵在逐渐向高熵值转变,这表明网络在变得无序且随机.所述现象均表明互联网内部网络拓扑结构在逐渐趋于扁平而紧密,系统在走向一个高熵产生、逐渐平衡的状态.The Internet application layer behaves the phenomenon of flattened-structure,researches on w hether such phenomenon presents in the Internet topology or not w ould provide insight not only to develop and use the Internet,but also to redesign the Internet.This paper analyzes the evolutions of the IPv4,IPv6 and AS-level Internet topologies w hich describe the flatness and homogeneity by using data authorized by CAIDA（ Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis）_Ark,and also calculates the changes of metrics over time. With the grow th of netw ork size and decrease of HUBS,w e find that the exponent of the pow er law of Internet goes up to the range of 2-3 w hich show s the netw ork becomes homogeneous but still far from to homogeneous netw ork as w e know n; the standard clustering coefficient of Internet rises w hile the standard deviations of clustering coefficient dropping off,w hich indicates the netw ork grow s tighter and more homogeneous; the Internet entropy increasing over time show s the netw ork tends to be disorder and random. All the phenomena demonstrate that the Internet topology is becoming flat and tight gradually,and at the meantime,the system is in direction of hi-entropy and equilibrium state.

关 键 词：互联网拓扑演化 IP级 AS级 扁平化 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]