不同体色血鹦鹉鱼的色素细胞种类、数量及色素含量  

Types and Number of Chromatophores and Carotenoid Contents in Various Parts of Blood Parrot(Amphilophus)

作　　者：牟春艳[1] 郑曙明[1] 任胜杰[1] 饶远[1] 陈芃宇 

机构地区：[1]西南大学鱼类繁育与健康养殖研究中心,重庆402460

出　　处：《水产科学》2015年第8期497-501,共5页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家星火计划重大项目(2011GA811006);科技部项目(2009GJF10007)

摘　　要：用显微镜观察了体长7．0～10．0cm的黑、黑黄、黄、红4种体色血鹦鹉鱼色素细胞的形态结构，用紫外分光光度计法测定了其总类胡萝h素含量。结果显示，（1）黑色血鹦鹉鱼通体分布树突状和圆点状两种形态的黑色素细胞，内含大量黑色素颗粒，黄色素细胞较少，颜色较浅；（2）黑黄色血鹦鹉鱼体上的树突状黑色素细胞的中心胞体扩散，分枝细长，黑色素颗粒为棕色，聚集能力弱，黄色素细胞大颜色深且数量较多；（3）黄色血鹦鹉鱼体上的黑色素细胞数量很少，黄色素细胞遍体分布，颜色深，有少量圆点状的红色素细胞，形状小，颜色浅；（4）红色血鹦鹉鱼体的黑色素细胞稀少，有少量的黄色素细胞，红色素细胞遍体分布。（5）红色血鹦鹉鱼的肉、鳞片、鳍条和皮肤的类胡萝卜素含量与其他3种体色的鱼相比差异均极显著（P〈0．01）；黑、黑黄、黄3种体色的血鹦鹉鱼的上述4个部位的类胡萝卜素含量差异均不显著（P〉O．05）。本试验结果为深入探究色素细胞的发育机制提供了参考。The morphology and number of chromatophores and carotenoids contents were observed in blood parrot with various body colors including black, black-yellow, yellow, and red colors under a microscope and measured by ultraviolet visible speetrophotometer. The results showed that the black blood parrots had many dendritic and dot shaped melanoma cells containing a lot of melanin granules,and had a small amount of yellow pigment cells with light color on the whole body. The center cell body diffusion, slender branches,and weak aggregation in the dendritic melanocytes with brown black pigment granules were found in black yellow blood parrot with many large black yellow chromatophores. A large amount of yellow pigment cells was distributed on the whole body of black yellow blood parrot,with a few melanocytes. The red pigment cells were covered on the red blood parrot body, with scarce melanin cells and small amount of yellow pigment cells. There were significant differences in carotenoid contents in flesh, scales, fins and skins between red color blood parrots and black, black-yellow,and yellow blood parrots （P〈0.01）, without significant difference in carotenoid contents in the black,black-yellow,and yellow blood parrots （P〉0.05）. The findings provides a theoretical basis with further study on mechanism of ehromatophorogenesis.

关 键 词：血鹦鹉鱼 色素细胞 类胡萝卜素 

分 类 号：S965.8[农业科学—水产养殖]