法律适用:类型让概念更有力量  

Application of Law: Typus Makes Concept More Powerful

作　　者：张志坡[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学法学院,天津300071

出　　处：《政法论丛》2015年第4期100-106,共7页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(12YJC820096);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(NKZXB1404)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：概念是法律构造的工具,是法律体系的基石,亦是法律适用中的关键词。法律解释便是围绕法律上的概念展开的,其特点是在法律文本之内处理问题。经验类型作为立法的基础,经由价值判断形塑为规范类型,其为法律概念的适用降低了成本,为一般条款的具体化提供助力,为漏洞补充提供思考的原点,为法律发展提供正当性说明。类型思考对于疑难案件尤其具有意义。法律适用的要义就在于将概念涵摄和类型归入结合起来,以概念思维形成初步结论,以类型思维验证结论的妥当性,从而确认乃至修正既有结论。概念与类型的二阶构造有助于实现形式正义与实质正义的统一,是法律适用的较佳图式。As a tool of legal structure, concept is the cornerstone of the legal system and the key words in the application of law. Legal interpretation is focus on the concept in the law and the problems are dealt with under the legal text. As the basis of legislation, empirischer typus is shaped as a normative typus through the value judgment. It could reduce the cost for the application of legal concepts, provide help for the specification of the general terms, provide a reference for the gap - filling and provide justification for the development of law. Typological thinking is especially meaningful for hard cases. The essence of application of law lies in the combination of the conceptual sub- sumption and typologicical classification, that is, to get the preliminary conclusion by conceptual thinking and verify the appropriateness of the conclusion by typologicical thinking, then the conclusion maybe confirmed or amended. The two - stage structure of concept and typus is an ideal schema of application of law which is helpful to realize the unification of formal justice and substantive justice.

关 键 词：法律适用 概念 类型 漏洞补充 妥当性 

分 类 号：DF0-05[政治法律—法学理论]