外源硒对砀山酥梨果实品质和硒含量的影响  

Effect of Spraying Exogenous Selenium on Fruit Quality and Selenium Content of Dangshan Suli

作　　者：刘群龙[1] 郝燕燕[1] 吴国良[2] 郝国伟[3] 张鹏飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801 [2]河南农业大学园艺学院,河南郑州450002 [3]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西太谷030815

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2015年第8期113-117,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家梨产业体系建设专项(Nycytx-29-30);国家自然科学基金项目(31171943);河南省重大科技攻关项目(092101110600);山西省星火计划项目(20090510012)

摘　　要：以砀山酥梨(Pyrus bretschneider Rehd.‘Dangshan Suli’)为试材,通过叶面喷施0(CK)、5、10、20 mg/L亚硒酸钠,研究了外源硒对梨果实外在品质、内在品质以及果实硒含量的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,喷硒有利于提高梨果实的单果质量、纵径、横径、硬度(FF)以及果实可溶性固形物(SS)、蔗糖和硒的含量;但喷硒对果实总糖和总酸含量,以及糖酸比影响不显著。喷施5 mg/L硒可使果实FF、SS和硒含量分别较CK显著提高10.09%、6.08%和35.71%(P<0.05),使蔗糖含量极显著提高36.21%(P<0.01);喷施10 mg/L硒可使果实单果质量和横径分别较CK显著提高11.16%和2.81%(P<0.05);喷施20 mg/L硒可使果实单果质量和横径分别较CK极显著提高17.93%和4.22%(P<0.01),但使果实维生素C(Vc)含量显著降低12.81%(P<0.05)。叶面喷硒浓度与果实单果质量、横径和硒含量呈显著正相关,而与果形指数和Vc含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。因此,综合外源硒对梨果实外在和内在品质以及硒含量的影响,在幼果期和果实膨大期,宜喷施5 mg/L的亚硒酸钠。In this study,Pyrus bretschneider Rehd.‘Dangshan Suli’ trees were used as materials,and dif-ferent concentrations of sodium selenite（0,5,10,20 mg/L） were sprayed to the trees to analyze the effect of selenium（ Se） on the fruit quality and the Se content in fruit. The results showed that spraying exoge-nous Se could improve the single fruit weight,vertical length,transverse length,flesh firmness（FF）,and the content of Se,sucrose and soluble solid（ SS） in fruit. However,spraying Se had no significant effect on the total sugar and acid content,as well as the ratio of sugar to acid. When the spraying dosage of Se was 5 mg/L ,the FF and the content of SS and Se in fruit significantly increased by 10. 09%,6. 08% and 35. 71% respectively（P〈0. 05）,the sucrose content in fruit significantly increased by 36. 21%（P〈0. 01）. When the spraying dosage of Se was 10 mg/L,the fruit weight and the fruit transverse length sig-nificantly increased by 11 . 16% and 2 . 81% respectively （ P 〈0 . 05 ） . When the spraying dosage of Senbsp;was 20 mg/L, the fruit weight and the fruit transverse length significantly increased by 17. 93% and 4. 22% respectively（P〈0. 01）,but the Vc content significantly increased by 12. 81%（P〈0. 05）. The Se dosage was significantly positively correlated with the Se content in fruit,the single fruit weight and the fruit transverse length,and significantly negatively correlated with the fruit shape index and the Vc content in fruit（P〈0. 05）. Therefore,the 5 mg/L Se should be sprayed to the pears for improving the fruit quali-ty,and the Se content at the young or rapid growing stage of the fruit.

关 键 词：梨 硒 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学] S143.79[农业科学—园艺学]