北方栽培草地土壤微生物特征对不同利用方式的响应  

Microbial Characteristics of Different use Patterns of Cultivated Pasture in Northern of China

作　　者：徐丽君[1] 杨桂霞[1] 王波[2] 徐大伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]呼伦贝尔国家野外站/中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [2]中国工程院咨询服务中心,北京100088

出　　处：《草业与畜牧》2015年第4期24-30,共7页Pruataculture & Animal Husbandry

基　　金：公益性行业农业科研专项(201303060);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助

摘　　要：为了解我国北方栽培草地土壤微生物的特征变化,研究退化草地(对照)与栽培草地改变利用方式后土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)、氮(MBN)、磷(MBP)和可培养微生物数量的季节动态变化特征。研究结果显示:MBC、MBN、MBP、MBC/MBN和微生物数量在不同植被类型和生长阶段存在差异性(P<0.05)。MBC、MBN和MBP在整个生长季的变化总体显示为生长初期>生长中期>生长末期,MBC/MBN与可培养微生物数量变化趋势基本一致,为生长中期>生长末期>生长初期;对MBC、MBN、MBP与微生物数量间进行相关分析,显示MBC与真菌、固氮菌数量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),MBN与细菌、固氮菌数量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),MBP与放线菌数量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。在土地利用方式改变后,微生物生物量方面,栽培草地总体上高于对照,微生物菌群数量方面,对照高于栽培草地。长期监测退化天然草地改变土地利用方式后的栽培草地与天然草地的微生物特征具有重要意义。Aim to learning the change of soil microbial characters of cultivated grassland in northern of China, we studied the seasonal variation of soil microbial biomass carbon（MBC） , nitrogen（MBN） , phosphrus（MBP） , carbon/nitrogen（MBC/MBN） , and soil microbial quantity, including during early, mid and late growing season （EGS, MGS and LGS） . The study showed that the type of vegetation and seasonal variation influenced MBC, MBN, MBP, MBC/MBN and the quantity of microbial, obviously. There were significant differences among different growth stages of cultivation of microorganisms in different grassland types （P〈0.05） . MBC,MBN and MBP were showed during early, mid and late growing season EGS〉MGS〉 LGS in the whole growth season. MBC/MBN and microbial quantity showed MGS〉 LGS〉 EGS. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant correlations between MBC and fungi and azotobacter quantity, MBN and bacteria and azotobacter quantity, MBP and actinomyces quantity （P〈0.01） . In the change of land use, soil microbial biomass, cultivated pasture on the whole was higher than that of the control, microbial populations, and control was higher than that of cultivated pasture. There was significant to monitor the microbial characteristics of cultivated grassland and natural grassland for long-term after the change land use of natural grassland.

关 键 词：栽培草地 微生物特征 不同利用方式 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]