腹腔镜在65岁以上胃肠外科急腹症患者手术中的应用  被引量:32

Application of laparo scopy in gastrointestinal abdominal emergency operation for patients over 65 years old

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作  者:张庆鹏[1] 卫勃[1] 陈凛[1] 

机构地区:[1]解放军总医院普通外科,北京100853

出  处:《中华胃肠外科杂志》2015年第8期797-800,共4页Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

基  金:国家自然科学基金(81101883);北京市科技新星计划(2009A38);全军医药卫生科研基金课题(11BJZ17);全军医学科技“十二五”科研重点项目

摘  要:目的:探讨腹腔镜技术在65岁以上老年急腹症患者中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2006年1月至2014年6月在解放军总医院因急腹症接受腹腔镜手术138例65岁以上患者的临床资料(腹腔镜组),并与同期接受开腹探查手术的170例65岁以上急腹症患者临床资料(开腹组)进行比较分析。结果腹腔镜组与开腹组相比,术中出血量减少[(107.1±47.7) ml比(163.6±106.5) ml, P=0.000],术后并发症发生率降低[2.9%(4/138)比12.9%(22/170), P=0.022],住院时间缩短[(10.5±7.5) d 比(16.5±9.9) d, P=0.044],术后下地活动时间和术后胃肠功能恢复时间提前[(25.6±7.7) h比(33.2±5.6) h, P=0.020;(36.9±9.1) h比(49.3±10.6) h, P=0.031]。急性阑尾炎、上消化道穿孔和肠梗阻患者腹腔镜组在住院时间、术后下地活动时间、术后胃肠功能恢复时间和术中出血量等方面明显优于开腹组(P<0.01);而对于结肠穿孔和肠系膜血管病变患者,两组在住院时间、术中出血量和术后胃肠功能恢复时间等方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹腔镜手术对于65岁以上急腹症尤其急性阑尾炎、上消化道穿孔和肠梗阻患者安全有效。Objective To explore the clinical application of laparoscopy in gastrointestinal abdominal emergency operation for patients over 65 years old. Methods Clinical data of 138 cases (age 〉 65 years) with acute abdomen undergoing laparoscopic surgery from January 2006 to June 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Data of 170 cases treated by laparotomy during the same period were enrolled as controls. Results The laparoscopy group and the laparotomy group showed statistically significant differences in blood loss [(107.1±47.7) ml vs. (163.6±106.5) ml, P=0.000], postoperative complications rate [2.9%(4/138) vs. 12.9%(22/170), P=0.022], hospital stay [(10.5 ±7.5) d vs. (16.5±9.9) d, P=0.044], postoperative ambulation time[(25.6±7.7) h vs. (33.2±5.6) h, P=0.020], and recovery time of postoperative gastrointestinal function [(36.9±9.1) h vs. (49.3±10.6) h, P=0.031]. Patients with acute appendicitis, upper digestive tract perforation and bowel obstruction in the laparoscopy group were superior to those in the laparotomy group in hospital stay, postoperative ambulation time, recovery time of postoperative gastrointestinal function and intraoperative blood loss (all P〈0.01), while no significant differences in colon perforation and mesentery diseases were found in hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss and recovery time of postoperative gastrointestinal function between the two groups (all P〉0.05). Conclusions Compared with laparotomy, the laparoscopy offers the advantages of less trauma, faster recovery, shorter hospital stay, and lower postoperative complications rate for patients over 65 years with acute abdomen.

关 键 词:急腹症 老年人 腹腔镜 开腹探查术 

分 类 号:R656.1[医药卫生—急诊医学]

 

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