基于ITS和matK序列的兰科沼兰族分子系统研究及二新种（英文）  

Phylogenetic analysis of Malaxideae(Orchidaceae:Epidendroideae):two new species based on the combined nr DNA ITS and chloroplast matK sequences

作　　者：唐光大[1,2] 张国强 洪文君[1] 刘仲健[1,2] 庄雪影[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广州510642 [2]深圳市兰科植物保护与利用重点实验室,国家兰科植物保护中心,深圳市兰科植物保护研究中心,广东深圳518114

出　　处：《广西植物》2015年第4期447-463,共17页Guihaia

基　　金：国家林业发展计划项目(2011-100);广东省自然科学基金(2014A030310465);深圳市科技计划项目(JC201005310689A)

摘　　要：沼兰族是兰科植物的大族之一,约2000种,除了极地和沙漠地区,全球均有分布。该族植物主要分布在热带地区,尤其在东南亚、热带美洲、非洲以及澳大利亚等地区种类非常丰富。目前,已有关于该族植物形态和分子系统的研究,但有关该族亚族和属间的系统关系尚不清楚,属的界定争议也较大。该文基于核基因片段ITS和叶绿体基因片段mat K序列,采用最大简约法、最大似然法贝叶斯推理分析法,对现有沼兰族主要属的123种植物和10个外类群植物进行了分子系统学研究。结果表明:沼兰族主要分为3个亚族分支,包括附生的鸢尾兰亚族(Oberoniinae)、地生的羊耳蒜亚族(Liparidinae)和沼兰亚族分支(Crepidium clade)。鸢尾兰亚族包括6个属、羊耳蒜亚族分支包括5个属、沼兰亚族分支包括4个属;丫辦兰亚族(Ypsilorchidinae)应归并为鸢尾兰亚族;Disticholiparis属于Stichorkis属的模式标本相同,应并人Stichorkis属;沼兰属(Crepidium)和无耳沼兰属(Dienia)的唇辦结构差异较大,但二者均为单系类群。此外,在收集野外实验材料过程中,发现了2种产自中国西南部和越南北部的沼兰族新种,分别命名为麻栗坡羊耳蒜(Platystyliparis malipoensis G.D.Tang,X.Y.Zhuang&Z.J.Liu)和秉滔羊耳蒜(Cestichis pingtaoi G.D.Tang,X.Y.Zhuang&Z.J.Liu)。Malaxideae is a larger cosmopolitan orchid tribe consisting of nearly 2 000 species and is distributed world- wide, excluding the polar and desert regions. It is abundant in the tropical regions, particularly in Australia, and the tropi- cal Asia, Southeast Asia, the tropical Americas and Africa. Molecular and morphological analyses have been performed to establish the phylogenetic relationships within this tribe. However,the subtribe and intergeneric relationships remain un- clear, and the genus definition of this tribe is considerably controversial. The maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses were performed based on the combined sequences of the nuclear ITS and chloroplast rnatK genes of 133 taxa （10 other allied species as outgroups） ,which represent nearly all of the major genera of the Mal- axideae. These results suggested that Malaxideae could be divided into three clades, the epiphytic Oberoniinae, the terres- trial Liparidinae,and a terrestrial Crepidium clade. The Oberoniinae and Liparidinae could be divided into six genera and five genera respectively,and Crepidium clade camposes of four genera. The subtribe Ypsilorchidinae should be attributed to Oberoniinae. Disticholiparis should be removed because it shared the same type with Stichorkis. The phylogenetic re- lationship of Crepidium and Dienia is monophyletic,although they have different lip structures. In addition, two new species found in Southwest China and northern Vietnam,Platystyliparis malipoensis G. D. Tang ,X. Y. Zhuang ＆ Z. J. Liu and Cestichis pingtaoi G. D. Tang ,X. Y. Zhuang ＆ Z. J. Liu,were described based on the molecular analysis and morphological observation.

关 键 词：沼兰族 核基因ITS MATK 系统学 并系类群 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]